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PYC3704 SUMMARY - Psychological Research

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A comprehensive, old-school summary of the prescribed work contained in the 'Only Study Guide for PYC3704', including a Glossary of term, lists for symbols and formulas, as well as helpful video links, and added infographics to enhance the learning experience.

Last document update: 2 year ago

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  • June 16, 2022
  • June 19, 2022
  • 63
  • 2011/2012
  • Summary

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By: berdinebotha8 • 5 months ago

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By: alexedgar • 10 months ago

Just glancing through at the moment. Looks concise and thorough.

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Available practice questions

Flashcards 16 Flashcards
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Some examples from this set of practice questions

1.

Formula: Effect size for comparing means

Answer: Effect size (d) = Mean difference / Standard deviation = (x̅ - μ) / σ

2.

Formula: Calculation of the probability of event (E) occurrence

Answer: p(E) = Number of favourable events (occurrence) / Number of possible outcomes

3.

Formula: The probability of an event (E) NOT occurring

Answer: p(not E) = 1-p(E)

4.

Formula: Combining probabilities - Additive Rule (Mutually exclusive events)

Answer: p(A or B) = p(A) + p(B)

5.

Formula: Combining probabilities - Multiplicative Rule (Independent Events)

Answer: p(A and B) = p(A) x p(B)

6.

Formula: Binominal Distribution

Answer: P(x) = [n! / x! (n-x)!][Px(1-p)n-x] *x = the probability of the number of successes to be determined for a random variable *n = the number of trials *p = the probability associated with any single, independent outcome of the variable **Note: n-x is a superscript

7.

Formula: Z-Test

Answer: z = (x - µ) / σ *x = variable *μ = population mean *σ = standard deviation [SD]

8.

Formula: Sample Error

Answer: σx̅ = σ / √n *σx̅ = standard error *σ = population standard deviation *√n = Sample size

2022

Semester 01




L.Smith

(67337163)

,Contents
1. TOPIC 1 – Quantitive Methods in Research Psychology ................................................................................ 3
1.1 Quantitive Research in Psychology ................................................................................................................. 4
1.2 Constructs as the Building Blocks of Theories ............................................................................................... 4
1.3 How Constructs are made visible through Measurement ............................................................................. 4
1.4 Collecting Info by Sampling Data ..................................................................................................................... 5
1.5 The Research Hypothesis [RH] ........................................................................................................................ 7
SUMMARY OF TOPIC 1.......................................................................................................................................... 8
2. TOPIC 2 – Probability ........................................................................................................................................... 9
2.1 Intro to the Study of Probability ....................................................................................................................10
2.2 Discrete Probability Distribution & The Binominal Distribution ...............................................................13
2.3 Continuous Probabilities & The Normal Curve ............................................................................................17
2.4 Sampling Distributions & The Central Limit Theorem ................................................................................21
SUMMARY OF TOPIC 2........................................................................................................................................24
3. TOPIC 3 – General Principles of Statistical Hypothesis Testing ................................................................26
3.1 Translating a Research Hypothesis into a Statistical Hypothesis ...............................................................27
3.2 Using Data from a Sample to Calculate the Probability of a particular Result ...........................................28
3.3 Making a Decision regarding the Null & Alternative Hypothesis ................................................................30
4. TOPIC 4 – Statistical Hypothesis Testing: Testing Means for a Single Sample .......................................34
4.1 Comparing a single mean to a constant value ..............................................................................................35
4.2 Testing a single mean when the population standard deviation is unknown ...........................................36
5. TOPIC 5 – Statistical Hypothesis Testing: Comparing Two Samples ........................................................38
5.1 Testing for differences between the means of two independent groups ...................................................39
5.2 Testing for differences between the means of two dependent groups ......................................................41
5.3 Using differences scores to compare two independent groups ..................................................................42
6. TOPIC 6 – Testing Hypotheses about a Relationship Between Two Variables .......................................45
6.1 Correlation: Measuring the association between variables ........................................................................46
6.2 A test of association between two nominal variables: the χ2 test contingency tables ..............................51
GLOSSARY & ABBREVIATIONS .............................................................................................................................55
LIST OF SYMBOLS ....................................................................................................................................................58
LIST OF FORMULAS.................................................................................................................................................59
LIST OF HELPFUL VIDEO LINKS ............................................................................................................................62




SUMMARY PYC3704 – Psychological Research [L.Smith 67337163] Page 1

, Notes:
 Defined terms are highlighted in yellow and definitions are indicated with a *
 Info obtained from the internet are in italics, incl. the {internet source}
 Abbreviations are indicated in square brackets [Abbr.]
 To insert the mean symbol (µ) in Word use Alt+m
 To insert the x̅ symbol in Word type an x then use Alt+0773
 To insert the square root symbol (√) in Word use Alt+251




{https://synergycodes.com/blog/3-steps-to-conduct-your-research-easier/}




SUMMARY PYC3704 – Psychological Research [L.Smith 67337163] Page 2

, 1. TOPIC 1 – Quantitive Methods in Research
Psychology




{https://www.researchoptimus.com/blog/qualitative-vs-quantitative-research/}




SUMMARY PYC3704 – Psychological Research [L.Smith 67337163] Page 3

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