Minor GGZ-agoog: Psychopathologie - Aantekeningen college's en samenvatting
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Course
Psychopathologie
Institution
Hogeschool Arnhem En Nijmegen (HAN)
Book
Psychiatrie voor de sociaal werker
In dit document lees je alle aantekeningen van alle 11 de hoorcollege's die gegeven zijn tijdens de Minor GGZ-agoog 2021/2022. Deze zijn gebaseerd op het boek 'Psychiatrie voor de sociaal werker'. Aan de hand van deze samenvatting heb ik een 7,8 voor de kennistoets gehaald.
1. Het biopsychosociaal model...................................................................................................................... 5
Intro......................................................................................................................................................................5
DSM-5...................................................................................................................................................................5
Modellen voor bekostiging GGZ..........................................................................................................................5
Visies op psychische stoornissen.........................................................................................................................5
Stress-kwetsbaarheidmodel/diathese-stressmodel........................................................................................5
Biopsychosociale perspectief...........................................................................................................................6
Biologisch perspectief......................................................................................................................................6
Psychologische perspectieven.........................................................................................................................6
Psycho-analytisch perspectief.........................................................................................................................7
Sociaal (cultureel) perspectief.........................................................................................................................7
Persoonlijke diagnostiek volgens Jim van Os.......................................................................................................7
2. Autismespectrumstoornis (ASS)................................................................................................................. 7
Autisme in de DSM-5...........................................................................................................................................7
Effecten van ASS op begeleiders..........................................................................................................................8
Kenmerken van ASS.............................................................................................................................................8
Cognitieve stijlkenmerken:..............................................................................................................................8
Principes levensloopbegeleiding..........................................................................................................................9
Model voor zelfregie Field en Hoffman.............................................................................................................10
3. Persoonlijkheidsstoornissen.................................................................................................................... 10
Visie op persoonlijkheid.....................................................................................................................................10
Ontwikkeling PS.................................................................................................................................................10
Mentaliseren.................................................................................................................................................10
Algemene DSM-5 criteria PS..............................................................................................................................11
Clusters PS.....................................................................................................................................................11
Behandelingen PS..............................................................................................................................................11
Relatie tot herstel..........................................................................................................................................11
Dialectische Gedragstherapie (DGT).............................................................................................................11
Mentalisation Based Treatment (MBT).........................................................................................................11
Schemagerichte therapie (SGT).....................................................................................................................12
Omgaan met PS..................................................................................................................................................12
6. Stemmingsstoornissen............................................................................................................................ 13
Verschil stemming en emotie............................................................................................................................13
Depressieve stoornis..........................................................................................................................................13
Cirkel van depressie.......................................................................................................................................14
Behandeling bij depressie..............................................................................................................................14
Bipolaire stoornis...............................................................................................................................................14
Verklaringsfactoren:......................................................................................................................................15
Behandeling...................................................................................................................................................15
Begeleiding....................................................................................................................................................15
7. Schizofreniespectrum en andere psychotische stoornissen......................................................................15
Psychose.............................................................................................................................................................15
Hallucinaties..................................................................................................................................................15
Wanen...........................................................................................................................................................16
Desorganisatie...............................................................................................................................................16
Katatoon gedrag...........................................................................................................................................16
Stress-kwetsbaarheidsmodel (verklaring van psychoses).............................................................................17
Open dialogue methode................................................................................................................................17
Schizofrenie in de DSM-5...................................................................................................................................17
Negatieve symptomen..................................................................................................................................18
Expressed emotion en terugvalpercentages schizofrenie.................................................................................18
9. Begeleiding en behandeling bij verslavingsproblematiek.........................................................................20
DSM-5 en verslaving..........................................................................................................................................20
Criteria...........................................................................................................................................................20
Definities van verslaving....................................................................................................................................20
Soorten drugs.....................................................................................................................................................20
Stimulerende middelen.................................................................................................................................20
Dempende middelen.....................................................................................................................................21
Waarnemingsvranderende middelen............................................................................................................21
Drugs combinaties.............................................................................................................................................21
Drugs Riskante combinaties..........................................................................................................................22
Risicovol of problematisch gebruik....................................................................................................................22
Motieven voor gebruik per drugs..................................................................................................................22
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, Werking beloningscentrum bij verslaving.....................................................................................................22
Fasen in druggebruik.....................................................................................................................................23
Stadia van gedragsverandering..........................................................................................................................23
Voorwaarden gedragsverandering...............................................................................................................23
Matrix van K. Minkoff.........................................................................................................................................24
Uitgangspunten.............................................................................................................................................24
Verwijzing DSM-stoornis....................................................................................................................................24
Emotieregulatieproblemen en Acceptance & Commitment Therapy............................................................26
Emotieregulatieproblemen................................................................................................................................26
ADHD en ERP.................................................................................................................................................27
Autisme en ERP..............................................................................................................................................27
Behandeling en begeleiding...............................................................................................................................27
Veiligheid en ERP...........................................................................................................................................27
VERS-training.................................................................................................................................................27
Emoties verdragen........................................................................................................................................27
Agressie regulatie training............................................................................................................................27
ACT................................................................................................................................................................27
Suïcidepreventie......................................................................................................................................... 28
Suïcidaal gedrag als proces................................................................................................................................28
Termen binnen GGZ...........................................................................................................................................28
Suïcidepreventie................................................................................................................................................28
Risicomomenten............................................................................................................................................28
Diagnostiek van suïcidaal gedrag.......................................................................................................................29
Verklaringsmodellen suïcide..............................................................................................................................30
Verklaringsmodel stress-kwetsbaarheid (MDR) & Entrapment-model........................................................30
Integrated Motivational-Volitional model (O’Connor)..................................................................................30
Begeleiding bij suïcidaal gedrag.........................................................................................................................31
Inschatting van ernst van suïcidaliteit...........................................................................................................31
Forensische psychiatrie............................................................................................................................... 31
Forensische zorg................................................................................................................................................31
Voor wie........................................................................................................................................................31
Doel...............................................................................................................................................................32
Longstay (duur-TBS)......................................................................................................................................32
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, Vrijwillige zorg...............................................................................................................................................32
Verloop forensische zorg...................................................................................................................................32
Bij ernstig delict.............................................................................................................................................32
Rechtzitting en vervolging.............................................................................................................................32
TBS bij ontoerekeningsvatbaarheid...................................................................................................................33
TBS met dwangverpleging............................................................................................................................33
TBS met voorwaarden...................................................................................................................................33
Psychische stoornissen..................................................................................................................................33
Behandeling TBS............................................................................................................................................33
Verlofvormen en beëindiging............................................................................................................................33
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, 1. Het biopsychosociaal model
Intro
WHO: “Gezondheid is het vermogen zich aan te passen en eigen regie te voeren, in het licht van
sociale, fysieke en emotionele uitdagingen van het leven”.
Wanneer heb je last van een psychische stoornis?
1. Abnormaal/afwijkend gedrag (kenmerken, tijd en plaats, normen en waarden in heersende
cultuur)
2. Ernstige beperking in het sociaal of beroepsmatig functioneren
3. Moet te classificeren zijn
DSM-5
Classificatiesysteem van psychische stoornissen
Symptomen: kenmerk of klacht
Syndromen: groep van symptomen
Classificeren: toewijzen van een psychische stoornis aan een beschreven categorie.
Diagnosticeren: beschrijven en vaststellen van een psychische stoornis.
Indiceren: bepalen van de meest geschikte behandeling voor een patiënt.
Voordelen Nadelen
- Iedereen spreekt dezelfde taal - Simplistisch
- Herkenning/erkenning - Labeling
- Onderzoek - Stigmatisering
- Behandeling - Medicalisering
- Cultuur-maatschappelijk-tijdsgebonden
Modellen voor bekostiging GGZ
Diagnose-behandelcombinatie (dbc) Zorgprestatiemodel (vanaf 2022)
DBC: Vier factoren:
- Code van 9 cijfers - De mate van expertise van de
- Bestaat uit 2 hoofdelementen: behandelaar
o De diagnose - Type zorg (zorgzwaarte)
o Intensiteit van behandeling in - Duur van de behandeling
tijd - Diagnose of behandeling
- Behandeltrajecten – pas later
declareren
Visies op psychische stoornissen
Stress-kwetsbaarheidmodel/diathese-stressmodel
Een psychische-aandoening of psychische ontregeling ontstaat door een combinatie van enerzijds,
de kwetsbaarheid van het individu en anderzijds allerlei vormen van stress die hij in zijn
leefomgeving ervaart. Ook wel de balans tussen draagkracht en draaglast.
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