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Samenvatting Constructie Technieken : 20/20 behaald
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Dit is een samenvatting van de hele cursus constructie technieken, 2e semester. Er staat alles in, tabellen, illustraties,... Uitgebreid maar volledig :)
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INHOUDSOPGAVEInhoudsopgave ...................................................................................................................1
Constructietechnieken ........................................................................................................3
7. Brandveiligheid.................................................................................................................... 3
7.2 het verbrandingsproces ..................................................................................................................... 3
7.3 klassen van brandhaarden................................................................................................................. 4
7.4 brandblusmiddelen ........................................................................................................................... 5
7.5 rookmelders ...................................................................................................................................... 5
1. Drinkwater .......................................................................................................................... 7
1.1 inleiding ............................................................................................................................................. 7
1.2 levering .............................................................................................................................................. 7
1.3 facturatie ........................................................................................................................................... 7
1.4 de huisaansluiting .............................................................................................................................. 8
1.5 kwaliteit ........................................................................................................................................... 11
1.6 de binneninstallatie voor drinkwater .............................................................................................. 17
1.7 sanitaire toepassingen in een woning ............................................................................................. 22
1.8 keuring van de waterinstallatie ....................................................................................................... 24
1.9 afvoerleidingen & rioleringen .......................................................................................................... 25
1.10 onderhoud van watertoevoerleidingen........................................................................................... 30
1.11 ligging van de leidingen ................................................................................................................... 30
4. Verwarming ....................................................................................................................... 31
4.1 inleiding ........................................................................................................................................... 31
4.2 wetgeving ........................................................................................................................................ 31
4.3 hernieuwbare of duurzame energie ................................................................................................ 32
4.4 energietransitie ............................................................................................................................... 33
4.5 brandstoffen .................................................................................................................................... 36
4.6 verwarmingsinstallatie .................................................................................................................... 49
4.7 geothermie als energiebron ............................................................................................................ 84
4.8 sanitair warm water (SWW) ............................................................................................................ 88
4.9 bouw, verbouw of renovatie ........................................................................................................... 94
4.10 onderhoud van de instalatie............................................................................................................ 98
5. Ventilatie ......................................................................................................................... 111
5.1 de binnenluchtkwaliteit ................................................................................................................. 111
5.2 ventileren ...................................................................................................................................... 116
6. Koeling ............................................................................................................................ 127
6.1 inleiding ......................................................................................................................................... 127
6. 2 soorten koeling .............................................................................................................................. 128
6.3 keuringen ....................................................................................................................................... 131
2. Elektriciteit ...................................................................................................................... 132
2.1 productie ....................................................................................................................................... 132
2.2 Levering ......................................................................................................................................... 133
2.3 Basisbegrippen .............................................................................................................................. 134
2.4 De huisinstallatie ........................................................................................................................... 137
1
, 2.5 wetgeving ...................................................................................................................................... 159
2.6 PV-systemen .................................................................................................................................. 162
2.7 Elektrische wagens ........................................................................................................................ 171
3. verlichting ....................................................................................................................... 174
3.1 natuurlijke versus kunstmatige verlichting.................................................................................... 174
3.2 en verlichtingssysteem .................................................................................................................. 176
3.3 basisbegrippen .............................................................................................................................. 179
3.4 Lampen .......................................................................................................................................... 182
3.5 praktische aanpak in een woning .................................................................................................. 186
8. inbraakveiligheid ............................................................................................................. 187
8.1 Geregistreerde woninginbraken.................................................................................................... 187
8.2 Inbraakveiligheid ........................................................................................................................... 187
8.3 De verkoop van materiaal ............................................................................................................. 189
8.4 Wetgeving omtrent alarmsystemen .............................................................................................. 190
8.5 Bewakingscamera’s ...................................................................................................................... 192
Monitoraat 15-03-2022 ........................................................................................................... 196
2
, CONSTRUCTIETECHNIEKEN
7. BRANDVEILIGHEID
Definitie brand:
Brand = een oxydatieverschijnsel waarbij een brandbaar product zich verbindt met zuurstof, onder
afgifte van warmte en vorming van oxiden
7.2 HET VERBRANDINGSPROCES
Minimum 3 elementen zijn nodig om brand te kunnen maken; branddriehoek
- Zuurstof (21% van de ons omgevende lucht)
- Brandbare stof (vast, vloeibaar, gasvormig)
- Energie, ontbrandingstemperatuur
2 andere factoren die belangrijke rol kunnen spelen
- Juiste mengverhouding ® brandstof & materie moeten in verhouding zijn
- Juiste katalysator ® juiste katalysator kan reactie op gang brengen / sneller doen verlopen
Vb. klontje suiker aansteken met aansteker werkt niet
Katalysator = stof die als hulpmiddel fungeert om chemische reactie sneller te doen verlopen
3
, 7.2.1 FASEN BIJ BRAND
groeifase : iedere brand begint klein ® tijdige brandmelding & -bestrijding is mogelijk. Thermische
effecten zijn plaatselijk merkbaar
Brandfase of uitbreidingsfase : brand wordt vaak opgemerkt ® 2 acties; hulpdiensten verwittigen &
blussen
Dooffase : begint bij gebrek à brandbaar materiaal of tekort à zuurstof
7.3 KLASSEN VAN BRANDHAARDEN
Elke soort brand ® gepaste brandblusmiddelen
5 klassen:
1 Brandklasse A: vaste stoffen
Vb. hout, papier, stro, textiel, kolen
2 Brandklasse B: vloeistoffen
Vb. olie, benzine, stookolie, aceton
3 Brandklasse C: gassen
Vb. propaan, butaan, aardgas
4 Brandklasse D: metalen
Vb. ijzer, vijlsel, aluminiumpoeder
5 Brandklasse F: oliën & vetten
Vb. frituurolie, motorolie
4
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