Emergency Health Services (EHS) Combined Study Guide
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Course
Emergency Health Services
Institution
Emergency Health Services
Chapter 1: Bolded Terms: - EMS: - emergency services system - EMR: - provides immediate lifesaving care to patients - EMT: - provides basic emergency medical care and transportation to patients - AEMT: - provides both basic and limited advanced emergency medical care and transportation to patients ...
emergency health services ehs combined study guide
ems emergency services system emr provides immediate lifesaving care to patients emt provides basic emergency medical care and transpo
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Chapter 1:
Bolded Terms:
- EMS:
- emergency services system
- EMR:
- provides immediate lifesaving care to patients
- EMT:
- provides basic emergency medical care and transportation to patients
- AEMT:
- provides both basic and limited advanced emergency medical care and
transportation to patients
- Paramedic:
- includes the skills performed by the EMT and AEMT with the addition of more
advanced assessment and patient management skills and provision
- Prehospital care:
- emergency medical treatment given to patients before they are transported to a
hospital or other facility
- Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA):
- protects individuals who have a documented disability from being denied initial or
continued employment based on their disability
- Medical oversight:
- responsibilities of the EMS system’s medical director
- Indirect medical oversight:
- routine duties and responsibilities of the EMS medical director, including the
creation of protocols and standing orders
- Direct medical oversight:
- real-time oversight or medical direction provided by a physician to an EMS
provider seeking immediate feedback or direction; can be online or on-scene
- On-line medical direction:
- direct orders from a physician to a prehospital care provider given by radio or
telephone
- On-scene:
- medical direction provided by an EMS medical director physician who is on scene
with the EMS crew
- Medical director:
- physician who is legally responsible for the clinical and patient care aspects of an
EMS system
- Medical direction:
- medical policies, procedures, and practices that are available to EMS providers
either off-line or on-line
- Protocols:
- policies and procedures for all components of an EMS system
, - Off-line medical direction:
- medical policies, procedures, and practices that medical direction has
established in written guidelines
- Standing orders:
- preauthorized treatment procedures; a type of treatment protocol
- Quality improvement (QI):
- system of internal and external reviews and audits of an EMS system to ensure a
high quality of care
- Evidence-based medicine:
- medical practice based on scientific evidence that certain procedures,
medications, and equipment improve patient outcome
- Evidence-based guidelines:
- development of medical guidelines based on scientific evidence and research
studies
- Mobile integrated healthcare (MIH):
- provision by a variety of health care entities and practitioners of patient-centered
health care in the out-of-hospital environment using mobile technology and
resources and integrated administratively or clinically with the EMS system
- Community paramedicine (CP):
- services provided by the EMS agency and personnel that are administratively
and clinically integrated with other health care entities
Extra Information:
- Department of Transportation: through it's National Highway Traffic Safety
Administration (NHTSA), took a leadership role in the development of EMS systems
- “White paper:” 1966, Accidental Death and Disability: The Neglected Disease of Modern
Society
- Detailed the number of deaths and injuries related to traffic crashes in the United
States
- Each state has control of its EMS system but the NHTSA provide standards called
“Technical Assistance Program Assessment Standards”
- Regulation & policy: must have laws, regulations, policies, and procedures that
govern its EMS
- Resource management: must have central control of EMS resources so that
each locality and all patients have equal access to acceptable emergency care
- Human resources & training: all personnel who staff ambulances and transport
patients must be trained to at least the EMT level
- Transportation: patients must be provided with safe, reliable transportation by
ground or air
- Facilities: seriously ill or injured patients must be delivered in a timely manner to
an appropriate medical facility
- Communications: system of communications must be in place
, - Public information and education: E MS should participate in programs to educate
the public in the prevention of injuries and how to access the EMS system
- Medical direction: EMS system must have a physician as a medical director to
provide medical oversight
- Trauma systems: must develop a system of specialized care for trauma patients
- Evaluation: must have a quality improvement system for the continual evaluation
of and upgrades to the system
- More recently EMS systems need:
- Clinical quality
- Service quality
- Economic efficiency
- Accountability
- Improvement
- Resilience
- Universal number: 911 (fire, police, and EMS)
- Enhanced 911: provides automatic number & location identification
- Basic 911: wireless service provider to transmit all calls to a PSAP regardless of
whether the caller subscribes to the provider’s service
- Phase 1 Enhanced 911: provides the telephone number & the location of the cell
site transmitting the call
- Phase 2 Enhanced 911: provides the latitude and longitude of the caller
- Public Service Answering Point (PSAP):
- Receives the calls, collects, verifies, and records the information about the
emergency, decides which service must respond, and then facilitates alerting the
necessary service
- Ran by Emergency Medical Dispatchers (EMD) can also provide instructions for
things such as bleeding control or CPR
- Cell phones only provide the location of the closest cell tower, not as accurate
- Types of EMS:
- Fire dept. EMS
- Municipal EMS (third service)
- Private EMS
- Hospital-based EMS
- Law Enforcement EMS
- Public Safety Officer
- According to the National EMS Scope of Practice Model:
- Emergency medical responder (EMR):
- uses basic airway, ventilation, and oxygen therapy devices; takes patient
vital signs; and provides stabilization of the spine and suspected extremity
injuries, eye irrigation, bleeding control, emergency moves, CPR,
automated external defibrillation, and emergency childbirth care
- Emergency medical technician (EMT):
, - EMR level w addition of advanced oxygen therapy and ventilation
equipment, pulse oximetry, use of automatic blood pressure monitoring
equipment, and limited medication administration
- Advanced emergency medical technician (AEMT):
- EMT level w addition of the use of advanced airway devices, monitoring
of blood glucose levels, initiation of intravenous and intraosseous (in the
bone marrow) infusions, and administration of a select number of
medications
- Paramedic:
- AEMT level w addition of advanced assessments, form a field impression
and provide invasive and drug interventions as well as transport
- Facilities: trauma, burn, obstetrical, peds, poison control, stroke, cardiac, hyperbaric,
spinal, psychiatric
- EMT Roles/Responsibility:
- Protect your own safety- use seatbelts, proper equipment, and check scene
safety
- Move patients the way you were trained for both the patients and your safety
- Determine the transport location before leaving the scene
- Keep an up-to-date log of calls, complete the prehospital care report
- Protect patients rights
- Know your knowledge and skills
- Must be able to lift and carry up to 125lbs
- Federal agencies involved in EMS:
- NHTSA
- CDC
- HRSA
- National fire academy
- Department of defense
- NIH
- Quality improvement as an EMT:
- Document carefully
- Perform reviews
- Obtain feedback
- Maintain equipment
- Participate in continuing education
- Maintain skills
- Prehospital environment:
- Based on current research and techniques and treatments change all the time
- Public health:
- Health prevention and promotion- vaccines and education
- Disease surveillance- reporting diseases
- Injury prevention- use of safety equipment
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