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Samenvatting Chemie periode 3

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Een samenvatting van de totale stof te leren voor chemie in periode 3 van applied science

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  • No
  • Hoofdstuk 4, 13, 14, 15, 17 en 20
  • November 5, 2015
  • 6
  • 2015/2016
  • Summary
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Chemie
periode
3




Typen
reacties:

3
Algemene
groepen
reacties:

1. Neerslagreacties

2. Zuur-­‐base
neutralisatiereacties


3. Redoxreacties




Neerslagreacties:

Bij
een
neerslagreactie
zal
er
een
vaste
stof
worden
gevormd




Zuur-­‐base
neutralisatiereacties:

Zuur:
HA(aq)
"
H+(aq)
+
A-­‐(aq)

Base:
MOH(aq)
"
M+(aq)
+
OH-­‐(aq)



Sterk
zuur
/
base:
Ioniseert
volledig
in
water

Zwak
zuur
/
base:
Ioniseert
niet
(volledig)
in
water

1%)

Erg
zwak
zuur
/
base:
Ioniseert
niet
water
(0%)

-­‐ Aantal
H+:
mono-­‐,
di-­‐
of
triprotisch



Bronsted-­‐lowry
theorie:

-­‐ Zuur:
afgeven
van
een
proton
(donor)

-­‐ Base:
opnemen
van
een
proton
(acceptant)









-­‐ A-­‐
is
de
geconjugeerde
base
van
HA
(zuur)

-­‐ BH+
is
het
geconjugeerde
zuur
van
B
(base)



sterker
zuur
+
sterkere
base
"
zwakker
zuur
+
zwakkere
base

-­‐ Water
kan
als
zuur
en
als
base
fungeren



Neutralisatiereactie:

-­‐ Vaak
ontstaat
er
n
H2O
(en
NaCl)
uit
een
neutralisatiereactie

-­‐ Na+
is
inert:
volledig
opgelost
(100%)

-­‐ Zuur,
base,
inert
of
zuur/base

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