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Samenvatting Media & Digitale Samenleving (1006CPGVKA)
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Samenvatting Media & Digitale Samenleving (1006CPGVKA)
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2020 – 2021 Media en digitale samenlevingMedia en digitale samenleving
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Les 1: IoT en AI (30 september 2020)..........................................................................................................4
AI en IoT...................................................................................................................................................4
Internet of Things (IoT)........................................................................................................................4
Geschiedenis........................................................................................................................................4
Het potentieel van IoT zit in de industrie en steden............................................................................5
Internet of Things: Wat is het nu echt?...............................................................................................6
Artificial intelligence (AI)......................................................................................................................7
Hoe werkt het?....................................................................................................................................8
Wat zijn momenteel de uitdagingen?..................................................................................................8
Wat moet je onthouden?......................................................................................................................11
Les 2: AI en ethiek (7 oktober 2020)..........................................................................................................12
AI en ethiek............................................................................................................................................12
What is this “ethical AI” nonsense?...................................................................................................13
Ethical AI: why?..................................................................................................................................13
Waarom is het nu plots belangrijk en was dat vroeger minder?.......................................................15
Ethical AI pillars..................................................................................................................................15
Why is bias an issue?.........................................................................................................................16
Hoe kan je fairness meten?...............................................................................................................17
Hoe ethisch is de artificiële intelligentie van de toekomst? (Tweede spreker)......................................18
Jobverlies...........................................................................................................................................18
The winner takes it all........................................................................................................................19
Data = labor.......................................................................................................................................19
Big brother in China...........................................................................................................................19
Bewaking/ privacy?............................................................................................................................20
Les 3: Desinformatie, nieuws en sociale media (21 oktober 2020)............................................................21
Media en (des)informatie......................................................................................................................21
Make social media great again..........................................................................................................21
Nepnieuws, nepterm, nepprobleem?....................................................................................................23
Stellingen...........................................................................................................................................23
Maar…................................................................................................................................................23
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,2020 – 2021 Media en digitale samenleving
Ondertussen in de VS…......................................................................................................................23
Pizzagate............................................................................................................................................24
Fake news: een vergelijkend perspectief...............................................................................................24
(Mogelijke) verklaringen....................................................................................................................24
Probleem = meer dan nepnieuws......................................................................................................26
Van nepnieuws naar desinformatie...................................................................................................26
Vormen van desinformatie in de Vlaamse context............................................................................26
Pushen van extreme opinie?..............................................................................................................27
Oplossingen – remedies.....................................................................................................................27
Les 4: Online haatspraak (4 november 2020)............................................................................................28
Antisociaal online? Het is een complot!.................................................................................................28
Technologie en ons brein: wij zorgen wel voor de verslaving!...........................................................28
Technologie en ons brein: en nu nog alle remmen los......................................................................29
Anderen en het brein: op naar wat negativiteit!...............................................................................29
Tijd voor wat cyberfriendliness..........................................................................................................30
Digitaal baggeren: Guy De Pauw............................................................................................................31
Textgain.............................................................................................................................................31
Wat....................................................................................................................................................31
Automatic detection of racism...........................................................................................................32
Les 5: Sexting en cybervetting (18 november 2020)..................................................................................34
Sexting...................................................................................................................................................34
Sexting mythe 1: sexting stijgt dramatisch.........................................................................................34
Sexting mythe 2: meisjes doen vaker aan sexting dan jongens.........................................................35
Sexting mythe 3: sexting is deviant gedrag........................................................................................35
Sexting mythe 4: online seksueel risicogedrag = offline seksueel risicogedrag..................................35
Sexting mythe 5: sexts worden meestal verstuurd voor een “hook up”............................................36
Sexting mythe 6: sexting maakt je relatie gelukkiger.........................................................................37
Conclusie............................................................................................................................................37
Cybervetting..........................................................................................................................................37
GDPR......................................................................................................................................................38
Les 6: Personalisatie en online beïnvloeding (2 december 2020)..............................................................40
Sociale media, persoonlijke data en reclame (Prof. dr. Karolien Poels).................................................40
Gebruik van data................................................................................................................................40
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,2020 – 2021 Media en digitale samenleving
Hoe werken online advertenties?......................................................................................................40
Issues.................................................................................................................................................40
Conclusie............................................................................................................................................42
Personalisation (Prof. dr. Bart Goethals)...............................................................................................42
Personalisation means relevance......................................................................................................42
Personalisation is not retargeting......................................................................................................43
Implicit vs. Explicit personalisation....................................................................................................43
The Tech............................................................................................................................................43
Les 7: Smart cities (9 december 2020).......................................................................................................45
Smart in the city.....................................................................................................................................45
Hoofdstuk 1: tech in the city..............................................................................................................45
Hoofdstuk 2: You and me in the city..................................................................................................46
Hoofdstuk 3: bling-bling in the city....................................................................................................46
De slimme stad: een oplossing, maar voor welk probleem?..............................................................47
Slimme stad verengt problemen........................................................................................................48
Slimme stadsbewoners?....................................................................................................................49
Democratisch project?.......................................................................................................................49
Conclusie............................................................................................................................................50
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, 2020 – 2021 Media en digitale samenleving
Les 1: IoT en AI (30 september 2020)
AI en IoT
Moeten samen bekeken worden om het volledig te begrijpen.
Begint met een filmpje in het verkeer. Het verkeer kruist elkaar heel nauw. Zou theoretisch mogelijk moeten
zijn. Als je in elk voertuig AI steekt en je de omgeving goed kan inschatten.
bv. files op de Ring. Zo kan je er bijvoorbeeld voor zorgen dat er geen ongevallen meer gebeuren + dat we
trager rijden maar dichter op elkaar waardoor het vlotter verloopt.
Kan je autonoom rijden? Op de autostrade bijvoorbeeld wel, in de oude stad niet. Hangt af van
omgevingscomplexiteit.
Hoe werkt autonoom rijden? 2 technologieën:
Internet of Things
Artificiële intelligentie
Internet of Things (IoT)
Internet of Things: netwerk van fysieke objecten, apparaten,
voertuigen, gebouwen en andere items ingebed met elektronica,
software, sensoren en netwerkverbinding die ervoor zorgen dat deze
objecten dat deze objecten data verzamelen en uitwisselen.
IoT applicaties: applicaties waar we kleine computers gaan verbinden
met sensoren en onderling gaan verbinden en door wat we meten en
de intelligentie die we erop gaan gebruiken, gaan we actuatoren
(motoren, lampen, dingen die iets doen) aansturen.
Gartner chart: geeft weer wat de verwachtingen van
bepaalde technologieën gaan zijn.
o Begin = stijging: nieuwe technologie en dus
veel nieuwe verwachtingen
o Afvlakking en daling: ook technologie bereikt
haar limieten
o Nieuwe lichte stijging: technologie wordt
toegepast en gebruikt
Geschiedenis
1974: eerste IoT applicatie
o Eerste ATM-machine
o Eerste apparaat dat detecteerde of jij juiste persoon was
2008: keerpunt objects vs. people
o Apparaten op het internet > mensen in de wereld
2015: 4,9 miljard
2020: 50 miljard
Toekomst?
o 250 miljard
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