100% satisfaction guarantee Immediately available after payment Both online and in PDF No strings attached
Previously searched by you
Notes and Essay Plans - France in revolution, 1774–99 - Edexcel A-Level History - Notes on early revolution and Directory until after the coup of Brumaire$9.68
Notes and Essay Plans - France in revolution, 1774–99 - Edexcel A-Level History - Notes on early revolution and Directory until after the coup of Brumaire
113 views 1 purchase
Course
Unit 2C.1 - France in revolution, 1774-99
Institution
PEARSON (PEARSON)
Notes to form essay plans for A-Level History modules
*Module A - The origins and onset of revolution, 1774–89*
• The ancien régime and its challenges in 1774: absolutism and court faction; the parlements; the three estates; rights of nobles and
church privilege; the impact of the Enligh...
Success of the Directory
Political Economic
Bourgeois and Noble/Royal opposition discredited and so unable to pose a serious threat Budget balanced in 1797/8
- June 1795 – Verona Declaration (LXVI’s brother declared himself LXVIII) - War
o NB promised 200 m worth of plunder in
Northern Italy
Sans-Culottes no longer a threat o Payment from “Sister Republics” (e.g. 100 m
- Following Thermidor, 100 SCs executed florin fine from Batavian Republic)
o Billaud-Varenne, Collot d’Herbois arrested o Sold Church Lands in Belgium
o Carrier executed for actions in Nantes, in December 1794 - Internal
o Many former Montagnards (like Tallien) who had supported the previous Jacobin regime now renounced their o September 1797 – Ramel (Minister of Finance)
previous beliefs to save themselves and joined the moderates. renounced 2/3s of debt with a one-off payment in
- Violence against Jacobins and SCs (e.g. from Jeunesse Doree/Muscadins who began to form gangs in September 1794)
paper bonds.
o Government did little to stop them – following November 1794 Muscadin attack on Jacobin Club, the NC ordered the
Reduced annual interest on debt by 160
Jacobin club be closed.
million francs p.a.
- After April 1795 Germinal Uprising, NC ordered disarming of those involved in the Terror (including 1,600 SCs) o Ramel restored some old indirect taxes (custom
- After May 1795 Prairial Uprising, 6,000 rebel troops were arrested
barriers at city gates, l’octroi)
o Prairial represented end of SCs as a political and military force. o 1798 – Ramel established 4 direct taxes (land,
trading licenses, moveable property,
Against external forces (enemies) doors/windows)
- June 1794 – Battle of Fleurus broke up 1st Coalition o Budget balanced in late 1797 (until war broke
- Summer 1794 – France occupying Austrian Netherlands out in 1798)
- January 1795 – France created Batavian Republic
o Dutch had to pay 100 m florin fine and pay for upkeep of (25,000 strong) French force
o Dutch had to give up some southern lands
o Be France’s ally against Britain
- September 1799 – France able to push Russians out of Switzerland
- October 1799 – France able to push British and Russians out of Netherlands
Crushed other uprisings
- June 1795 – Rebel army of 70,000, 20,000 Chouans in Quiberon Bay
o July 1795 – Hoche crushed the White Terror and Chouan threat (640 emigres and 108 Chouans executed)
- NB restored order in Vendemiere uprising of October 1795
o NB defended with 7,800 troops against 25,000
o After – NG turned into Police Legion under NB’s control
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Faithki39. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $9.68. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
