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Unit 19 - Nutritional Health
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This is about nutritional health and includes case studies by Robert (Bob) and Jennifer. All learning aims have been marked and completed.
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Abigail AlghaliUnit 19
Mr Sidhom
Nutritional Health
In this assignment, I will be explaining the different concepts of nutritional health and how they
contribute to health and wellbeing.
P1: explain how the concepts of nutritional health contribute to health and wellbeing.
Healthy eating and a balanced diet, e.g. eatwell plate, main food groups:
Concepts are defined as abstract ideas, they are known to be the fundamental building block of the
concept behind the principles, thoughts and beliefs.
The Eatwell Plate is a visual representation of the key food
groups as well as the recommended serving sizes for a healthy
diet. It is the method employed by the Department of Health to
explain nutritional advice issued by the British government.
A food group is a collection of foods having similar nutritional
attributes or biological categories. In nutrition guidelines, foods
are frequently categorised into food groups, with daily servings
of each group suggested for a healthy diet. This contributes to
people's health and well-being because they become more
aware of which foods they should and should not take in large quantities. They also gain a better
grasp of how diseases such as heart disease and diabetes arise. Furthermore, it improves people's
health and well-being by improving their energy levels, which helps them stay focused cognitively and
socially by helping them to establish a stronger social battery. Second, the Eatwell plate helps people
focus better at school and under stressful situations.
Malnutrition e.g., under-nutrition and obesity
Malnutrition is a significant disorder that affects people as a
result of their diet and the amount of nutrients they absorb or
don't get enough of. This can lead to other health problems that
can make them seriously ill. Malnutrition is characterised by a
lack of calories, protein, carbs, vitamins, and minerals in the diet.
Individuals might also be undernourished due to a calorie
deficiency or a deficiency in other vital nutrients. Undernutrition
occurs when people are unable to absorb or prepare food
properly, allowing them to
develop disorders that make eating difficult or impossible, as
well as getting the proper nutrients from food. Finally, obesity
occurs when a person consumes an excessive number of
calories from fats and sweets. They gain a lot of weight because
they can't burn off the fat and energy they get from exercise;
over time, this turns into body fat and accumulates up around
key organs.
This contributes to people's health and well-being benefit from
this because physical deprivation causes them to lose an excessive amount of weight, which impacts
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Unit 19
Mr Sidhom
their BMI due to a lack of vitamins. As a result, people become weary, which has an influence on their
intellectual and social well-being because they can't focus and their social battery depletes over time.
Obesity can cause people to get depressed as a result of their condition, as well as develop body
dysphoria, which makes it difficult for them to socialise. Individuals' mental health is influenced, which
contributes to their overall health and well-being.
Effects of food processing and preparation methods e.g., excessive salt and sugar content
and additives:
Depending on the process utilised, the amount of nutrients left in the
meal can be reduced when people make food on a regular basis.
When people reheat meals, they expose the food to a lot of heat,
light, and oxygen, which causes nutrients to be lost. Some people
wash their raw food before cooking it, and as the food is rinsed, all of
the nutrients are washed away, resulting in nutrient loss. Nutrients
are lost when food is roasted, fried, cooked in oil, grilled, and
dehydrated.
1) Freezing - nutrients are lost from freezing food,the process
of the nutrients slowly begin to break down meaning that all
the nutrients.
2) Drying - nutrients tend to be lost from here as they are damaged by the heat and air.
3) Cooking - nutrients tend to be lost within the oil and water
due to it being boiled.
4) Reheating - heating food increases the chances of all
nutrients being lost, this is because all vitamins are sensitive.
This is beneficial to both children and adults' health and well-being
since they learn about the processing of food, which motivates them
to avoid it because they don't want to lose nutrients and instead want
to gain them. Second, this is good for health and well-being since it
prevents children who eat sweets from focusing in school and having
a short attention span as a result of their excessive sugar intake,
which keeps them from engaging in lessons.
Current nutritional issues and effects on health e.g., self-prescribed health supplements and
genetically modified food:
A diet supplement is a man-made material that is usually taken
orally by people who take vitamins in pill, capsule, tablet, or liquid
form. Some vitamins tend to act as substitutes for all nutrients
ordinarily derived from dietary sources, hence boosting the amount
of nutrients consumed. GMO foods are manufactured from
creatures whose DNA has been manipulated to make them look
'better.' Spraying weed killer on genetically modified corn causes
tumours, organ damage, and a decline in the quality and quantity of
life, according to a case study conducted in France.
This contributes to individuals and their health and wellbeing physically and intellectually. A nutritious
diet, as well as adequate physical activity and sleep, can help youngsters grow up healthy and avoid
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Unit 19
Mr Sidhom
being overweight or obese. Taking supplements can physically damage an individual's immune
system, resulting in it weakening. Food supplements are sold in dose form and are meant to enhance,
not replace, a healthy diet, according to the Food Supplements (England) (Amendment) Regulations
2007. Vitamin and mineral tablets are examples. A well-balanced diet should provide you with all of
the nutrients you require to stay healthy. On the other hand, some people have trouble receiving
enough vitamins and minerals. This includes finicky eaters as well as people who can't eat certain
foods due to medical issues. People with disorders that cause poor absorption or frequent diarrhoea
are also included in the study. People who require high amounts of specific chemicals may benefit
from food supplements. Iron pills, for example, could aid a woman with heavy periods in replenishing
the iron she loses during her cycle.
Nutritional measures and recommended dietary intakes e.g., balancing energy requirements
for protein, fat, carbohydrate (kilojoules), measuring body mass indent (BMI), weight for height
and\ gender and using growth charts to monitor weight gain:
The three nutrients that must be provided in a person's diet are
carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. This is because each of
these nutrients is required for the body to use energy, and they
are also what makes a diet balanced and nutritious. When
carbohydrates are ingested, they include calories per gramme.
A person's diet should contain 50-60% carbohydrates, which
means that carbohydrates should account for this percentage
of calories. Second, each gram of protein in a diet has 4
calories. To maintain a healthy diet, a person needs to
consume 12-20% of these nutrients. Finally, because fat
contains 9 calories per gram, it should be the last thing consumed. As fat provides energy, humans
should consume 30 percent of their calories from fat in a balanced diet. This is the body mass index;
this is what shows the mass and height of an individual. To work out BMI is when the body mass is
divided by the body height squared, as
well as this weight and height depends on
the individual's gender.
Individuals can use this chart to see if
they are the correct height for their
weight.
This is a growth chart that is used for check-ups and shows if
children are developing at the proper rate, which is then
compared to children of the same age and gender.
Furthermore, the graph depicts how children's height and
weight change over time if they are developing normally.
This helps to physical health and well-being because when
people see and use the BMI scale, it displays the obesity
scale, and if people avoid being obese, they avoid health problems like type 2 diabetes and heart
attacks. Second, this contributes to social health and wellness since persons who are fat may be
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Unit 19
Mr Sidhom
socially rejected or bullied, which can impair their self-esteem because they are uncomfortable among
other people.
Using and interpreting dietary reference values e.g., reference nutrient intakes and nutrients
per portion and per 100g of food:
Dietary reference values (DRVs) are estimates of how much
calories and nutrients each individual should consume, taking into
account factors such as age, size, and gender. The amount of
nutrients in food is labelled, and this label contains essential
energy, fat (both unsaturated and
saturated), carbohydrates, sugars,
proteins, and salt. Additionally,
these labels usually provide
nutritional information such as the
quantity of fibre in the item. On all labels, the nutritional information is
over 100 grammes and is sometimes expressed as a percentage.
This contributes to people's health and well-being on two levels:
physically, since they know how much nutrition they require to avoid
future health issues such as heart disease, and mentally, because
they know how much nourishment they require. The reason for this is
that getting the right number of nutrients allows the brain to function properly, as well as improving
people's sleeping patterns, allowing them to have a longer attention span and stay focused in critical
moments.
P2: Explain the sources of essential nutrients and their functions in the body:
Within this report, I will be discussing the sources of essential nutrients and their functions in the body.
Carbohydrates:
The function of carbohydrates is that it provides energy, breaks down fatty acids in your body, adds
flavour to meals and keeps a regular flow of glucose within the body. The liver redistributes about
70% of the glucose that enters the body through digestion back into the bloodstream for use by other
tissues. Glucose is removed from the bloodstream by a transport protein found in the membranes of
cells that demand energy. Glucose gets its energy from the chemical bonds between carbon atoms.
Sunlight energy was required to establish these high-energy connections during photosynthesis.
Carbohydrates in starch can be found in cereals, rice and vegetables are good sources of. They are
found in fibre sources such as oats, broccoli, carrots, potatoes and fruits. Carbohydrates come in both
good and unhealthy forms. Carbohydrates can be found in both animal and plant-based foods, such
as fresh fruits, vegetables, corn, potatoes, milk, and milk products. Soda, white bread, artificial sugar,
pastries, and other highly processed meals are all unhealthy sources. Carbohydrates come in a
variety of forms, including sugars, starch, and fibre. One of the positive effects of consuming
carbohydrates brings to individuals and their immune system is that it breaks down foods easily.
Incorporating fibre-rich carbohydrates into your diet benefits the health of your digestive system.
Carbohydrates contain fibre, which helps to bulk up the stool and remove it from the body. Bloating
and constipation can be significantly alleviated with the right carbohydrate intake. One of the negative
effects of consuming carbohydrates is that individuals can develop a disease called ketosis. This is a
disease caused by a lack of carbohydrates. The effects of this disease are; nausea, headaches,
fatigue and bad breath.
Proteins:
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