Compare and contrast how the speakers of Text A and the writer of Text B Present
attractions in Paris. (40 marks)
TEXT A: RICK STEVES
TEXT B: NOT-FOR-PARENTS: Inside out and upside down
NOT FOR PARENTS: inside out and upside down is a multimodal text that includes visual and
written elements of text since it is a children’s non-fiction guide to Paris. The text targets
children ages 8 to 11 that have an interest in culture and history, it’s main purpose is to
inform and entertain which we can see through the visual images and the text on the
information pages. On the other hand, Rick Steves audio tour is an audio-visual text
displayed as a transcript, this makes it multimodal also however it does not target children
and rather targets adult tourists, most likely American. The transcript’s purpose is to guide
and inform tourists around the Louvre Museum.
The information page ‘Inside out and upside down in NOT FOR PARENTS explores the
construction and reputation of the Pompidou Centre. The information page makes use of its
Typology features in conjunction with the text on the page, for example some of the text
appears in bold or capitalized to foreground key information to their young audience and
catch their eye as they read the page. This mix of visual and written mode is often used
throughout the guidebook and the Inside out and Upside-down information page also in the
format of discourse features such as speech bubbles which help to make the page
interactive and link the information presented in the text to the images on the page. In the
information page ‘inside out and upside down’ speech bubbles are also used to add humour
to the text and images which engages the child reader. Unlike NOT FOR PARENTS, the Rick
Steves audio tour does not include discourse features such as speech bubbles but rather
includes labelling and diagrams within its visual elements to guide the tourist around the
museum in the form of a map. This shows a contrast in the purposes of the two texts as the
Rick steves audio tour is an informative and directive text for tourists whereas the NOT FOR
PARENTS extract is an entertaining and informative text for children.
The Rick steves audio tour depicts the Louvre Museum as a difficult attraction to navigate
and compares this difficulty with wider Paris through his pragmatic imagery and adjectives
such as ‘On your own can be tricky’ and ‘beacon of civilisation’. The use of the pragmatic
adjective ‘tricky’ assumes that the tourist listener has no previous experience of the
museum and gently expresses the difficulty of navigation without the use of a guide. This is
also a subtle persuasive technique that convinces the tourist that the guide is necessary if
they are to experience the Louvre properly when in fact there are most likely Parisians and
other tourists that are experiencing the Louvre without this guide. Additionally, the
reference to Paris through the use of the figurative declarative ‘beacon of civilisation’
presents wider Paris as being equally busy and difficult to navigate for tourists as the Louvre
Museum, this again could be a persuasive technique that could be trying to take advantage
of the experiences of tourists in Paris who perhaps have become lost in the city in the past,
thus persuading them to use the guide ot avoid the same mistake.
On the other hand, NOT FOR PARENTS displays the attraction of the Pompidou Centre as
being easy to navigate and accessible to children who have not visited Paris before who
typically would have less navigation skills than an adult tourist. For example, the information
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