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Quick summary about the viroids

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  • Course
  • Microbiology
  • Institution
  • The University Of Warwick (UoW)

This note is based on the clear summarization of viroids. It is mainly focused on some specific topics, such as the viroids, classification, replication, and pathogencity to the host , clinical characteristics of the diesease, and prevention methods.

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Document information

  • June 27, 2022
  • 4
  • 2021/2022
  • Summary

Subjects

  • virus
  • viroids
  • microbiology
  • dna
  • virus replication

Written for

  • The University of Warwick (UoW)
  • Unknown
  • Microbiology
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Viroids
I. What is viroids?
- Viroids are plant-restricted parasites that represent a remarkable model system to
analyze many aspects of host-pathogen interactions at the genomic level.
- As the smallest known agents of infectious
- Structural features:
 Consists of single-stranded, circular RNA
 Low molecular weight RNA
 Do not possess a protein or membrane shell
 Their complex secondary structure they have unusual properties such as
resistance to ribonuclease digestion and denaturation
 Viroids do not encode any protein
 Use host end-coded polymerase for replication
 Cause certain plant and human diseases and “classical” viroids have been
found only in plants.
 More than 40 viroid species and many variants have been characterized
- Classification:
 Pospiviroidae family (most viroids) is an acronym derived from potato
spindle tuber viroid, the representative species type. Viroids that belong to
this family adopt a quasi-rod or rod-like secondary structure, with dsRNA
regions separated by unpaired internal single-chain loops, in which five
structural domains can be distinguished.

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