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Summary OCR A level history Workers civil rights USA
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OCR A level history Workers civil rights USA as a part of the Civil rights in USA topic
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Trade unionsStudy online at https://quizlet.com/_b0lga9
1. What was the positions of unions and labour in 1865?: •workers could be
exploited and had no protection
•unions represented skilled workers
•workers could be sacked easily and there was few safety precautions
2. What did the growth in industrialisation witness a growth in?: Unions,
Knigjts of Labour and the American Federation of Labour
3. What was the knights of labour union membership by 1886?: 700,000
because of successful strike action
4. What was the hay market affair?: occurred in 1886 in chicago to protest police
brutality but many people died and this caused the public to turn against the labor
movement
5. What undermined the position of workers in the late nineteenth century?-
: The availability of African American labour after slavery ended, as they were paid
less and the arrival of European immigrants
6. What was the homestead strike?: In 1992 a 143 day strike in a steelwork took
place which ended in a battle between strikers and private security agents. The
plant was finally occupied by the state militia and unions were bankrupted and
union support declined
7. What was the pullmans strike?: An economic downturn resulted in the com-
pany laying off a third of its workforce and cutting wages, led to a strike and federal
trooos were sent in to break it, union members were arrested and lost their jobs
8. What had been achieved by WW1?: •not very much, unions represented 20%
of the non-agricultural workforce and were divided by SAGE
•
9. Why did WW1 improve the position of workers?: •as there was an increase
demand for production and as the government wanted to maintain production
introduced the National War Labour Board
10. What was the National War Labour Boatd?: Limited each working day to
eight hours, if the workers agreed not to strike
11. What did the economic boom in the 1920s mean for workers?: A rise in
real wages and employed offered workers benefits, however some companies set
up with own unions and forced workers to sign the yellow dog contract
12. What was the yellow dog contract?: Contract that workers had to sign where
it they agreed not to join a union
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, Trade unions
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_b0lga9
13. What was the National Indurytu Recoveru act?: The aim was to bring about
cooperation between workers and employers and agreement on working practices,
workers were given the right to organise unions and take part in collective bargain-
ing
14. What was the Wagner Act of 1935?: National labour relations act established
the legal right to most workers expect agriculture of domestic service to organise
and join trade unions
15. What's the Fair Labour standards act 1939?: Was amended between 1949
and 1968 to increase the minimum wage
16. Who did the benefits of the new deal mainly affect?: Only skilled workers,
those in manufacturing often missed out particularly those on lower pay
17. What was the Taft-Hartley Act?: A law that outlawed the closed shop (a
workplace in which only union members can be hired)
18. How did unions loose power during WW2?: Decline in blue collar workers
and the growth of white collar workers, unions seen as less important as many
workers now had paid holidays, healthcare and pensions
19. What was the Equal Pay Act of 1963?: outlawed paying men more than
women for the same job
20. What was introduced in 1968?: Age discrimination asct
21. What could unions do following WW2?: •unions could bargain over condi-
tions, wages and contract conditions and could gain unemployment insurance
22. What reduced the size of the workforce?: Automation and the increase of
machinery replaced workers
23. Why did unions decline between 1980-1992?: •The size of factories meant
workers were harder to unionise
•employers now have welfare provisions to employers
24. What did economic growth mean for wokers(: •increased demand for work-
ers but the position of unions didn't always improve in turn, however growth did
allow labour organisations to put pressure on employers
25. What was the Gilded Age?: In the late 1800s and saw massive economic
growth and opulent lifestyles for yeh rich
26. What did the gilded age mean for wokers?: •increase demand for unions,
as heavy industry replaced their jobs
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