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Summary OCR A Level History civil rights in the Gilded Age
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OCR A Level History civil rights in the Gilded Age, as one of the depth studies apart of the civil rights in the USA topic
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American Civil Rights- Gilded Age 1875-1895Study online at https://quizlet.com/_b6rwlf
1. when and how did the growth of segregated transport begin?: 1881
>with Tennessee enacting a segregated railway law and continued with every
southern state following suit
2. How did Booker T Washington see the gilded age as an oppostunity?: he
argued that if African Americans took advantage of the economic opportunities of
the gilded age then privileges would follow
3. what case was decided in 1896?: Plessy V Fersuson 'separate but equal'
4. why were segregated districts common?: both the south and the north
5. How many African Americans were concentrated in one restricted area?-
: 5,000
6. Why did African Americans become a powerless minority by 1895?: >taxes
and complicated tests came in which restricted black voting
7. Did the south abide the laws?: no, the punishment of violence and lynching
for minor offences created a system whereby the law was deliberately ignored by
the south in favour of mob rules which had the unspoken consent of the authorities
8. How many African Americans moved west?: 40,000
9. Why did many African Americans not move west?: they didn't have the
capital or expertise to travel westwards to create new homes away from prejudice
10. Was there a disproportionate number of black prisoners?: yes
>lots of false arrests and imprisonment with disproportionate numbers of black
men in labour camps
11. What was one success to do with literacy for African Americans?: >in
1865 only one in 20 African Americans could read by 1895 this had risen to 2 in
20
12. What had risen for African Americans?: >the number of religious organisa-
tions
>banks
>insurance schemes
>societies and companies ran by African Americans
13. How many African American professionals were there by 1900? What jobs
did these include?: 47,000
>doctors, lawyers, teachers and artists
14. What makes the number of professional African Americans see more
disspaoining?: it was out of an African American population of 1 million
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, American Civil Rights- Gilded Age 1875-1895
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_b6rwlf
15. What was the gilded age like for the economy growth rate?: it was a period
of dramatic growth for the americans economy, grew 7% a year
16. what was the demand like for workers?: there was an increase in demand
for unskilled and semi skilled labour in this period, particularly in transport and
heavy industry
17. How much did the Knights of Labour membership grow?: from 20,000 in
1881 to 700,00 in 1886
18. what was set up in 1886?: the first national labour federation, the American
Federation of Labour which sought to link all unions together
19. What was a positive of the knights of labour union?: allowed women,
African Americans and immigrants to join
20. What was the response of some businesses of the creation of the AFL?-
: some businesses were willing to work with it and establish mechanisms by which
business and workers could negotiate, which was a major development
21. What were the two largest gains of workers?: > wages rose dramatically
>workers benefitted from the establishment of the sickness club
22. How much did wages increase?: some skilled workers saw their wages
increase 60% despite the increase in available labour brought by immigration
23. What did the sickness club mean for workers?: if workers were ill they still
had some income, even if it was limited
24. what did violent protests do for unions?: damaged their reputations, which
discouraged lots of workers from joining
25. What did the economic slump in 1895 mean for workers?: >some unem-
ployment
>job insecurity
>reduction in wages
26. what attitude did the government have towards the workers?: laissez afire
and supported big businesses, which only added to the lack of protection available
to workers
27. How did courts react to strikes?: usually supported employers against work-
ers and issued injunctions to end strikes
28. How many railroad workers were killed in 1889?: 2,000
29. what were working conditions like?: long hours, dangerous conditions
>workers could be laid off during quiet periods
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