The three-field system
a. allowed for increased production by reducing the amount of land that was left fallow.
b. made its biggest impact in southern Europe.
c. was replaced with the two-field system.
d. allowed animals to graze on two-thirds of the land.
By the thirteenth century, Italian towns
a. suffered as trade routes shifted to central Europe and the North Sea.
b. were unable to engage in trade because of Byzantine domination.
c. suffered as trade routes shifted to northern Europe.
d. acted as intermediaries facilitating trade between Europe and the eastern Mediterranean.
Medieval guilds
a. organized all the craftspeople of a given town into a single group.
b. were organized by tradesmen to govern their own economic activities.
c. were strictly business organizations, with the sole purpose of making money for their
members.
d. promoted competition by encouraging individual decision-making.
William the Conqueror created
a. a vast census of people and property.
b. the division of lands into shires, or counties.
c. English common law.
d. the position of sheriff, a royal agent of the king.
King John's costly war with ________ led to the Magna Carta.
a. the Spanish kingdoms
b. Germany
c. Italy
d. France
, Representative institutions grew out of
a. the insistence of the clergy that the Bible dictated the need for such bodies.
b. popular movements led by wealthy townspeople.
c. royal dependence on the nobility for military support.
d. the desire of kings to expand their authority and powers.
The reform movement in the church in the tenth and eleventh centuries
a. abolished the system of cardinals and provided that popes be elected democratically by
general church councils.
b. granted secular authorities, especially the nobles, more influence over church affairs.
c. loosened the strict rules that had governed the lives of monks for centuries.
d. emerged as a reaction against the moral laxity and worldliness that had corrupted many
monasteries and the papacy.
The Investiture Controversy centered on the right to
a. invest kings with the powers of their office.
b. control the wealth of the church.
c. invest the Holy Roman emperor with the power of his office.
d. appoint bishops.
The church addressed the perceived threat of heresy through
a. a reasoned presentation of alternative viewpoints.
b. wars that were usually opposed by kings and nobles.
c. excommunication, which cut a person off from the heresy in question and was a guarantee
of salvation.
d. the Inquisition, a permanent tribunal that demanded suspects disprove accusations made
against them.
The Cathari were a
a. radical group of religious dissenters who departed dramatically from mainstream
Catholicism.
b. wealthy Italian family that raised large sums of money for the papacy.
c. monastic order dedicated to a return to early Christian principles.
d. group of religious dissenters based in northern Germany.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller ATIHUB. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $9.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
