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samenvatting juridische context
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JURIDISCHE CONTEXT VAN DEVASTGOEDMARKT
VASTGOED 2021
LAURA MYLLE
,Inhoudsopgave
Deel 1 staatsrecht .................................................................................................................................................................. 4
Wat is recht? ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 4
de bronnen van het Belgisch recht .................................................................................................................................................... 4
Draagwijdte van bronnen van het Belgisch recht .................................................................................................................... 6
Inrichting van de Belgische staat .............................................................................................................................. 7
Kenmerken van onze staat ...................................................................................................................................................................... 7
Verdeling van bevoegdheden over de verschillende niveaus .......................................................................................... 7
Schema: wie oefent de wetgevende en uitvoerende macht uit op het nevengeschikt beleidsniveau .... 8
De rechtelijke macht ...................................................................................................................................................... 8
Algemene beginselen van behoorlijke rechtspraak ................................................................................................................ 8
Vergelijking Burgerlijk proces – strafproces terminologie ............................................................................ 9
Schema: hiërarchie der rechtbanken .................................................................................................................... 10
Bevoegdheden van rechtbanken en hoven ................................................................................................................................. 10
Politierechter.................................................................................................................................................................................................. 11
Rechtbank van eerste aanleg ............................................................................................................................................................... 12
Ondernemingsrechtbank ........................................................................................................................................................................ 13
Ondernemingsrechtbank ........................................................................................................................................................................ 13
Arbeidsrechtbank ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 14
arbeidshof............................................................................................................................. Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd.
hof van beroep .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 14
Hof van assisen ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 14
Hof van Cassatie ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 15
Bijzondere rechtscolleges .......................................................................................................................................... 15
Raad van state ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 15
Grondwettelijk HOF ................................................................................................................................................................................... 15
De procedure voor de burgelijke rechtbank...................................................................................................... 16
inleiding van de zaak................................................................................................................................................................................. 16
De rechtsdag ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 16
Berechten van de zaak ............................................................................................................................................................................. 16
Uitvoering of tenuitvoerlegging van het vonnis ...................................................................................................................... 16
Strafrecht .......................................................................................................................................................................... 17
Deel 2: personen– en familierecht ................................................................................................................................ 18
Plaats in het burgerlijk wetboek (oud BW) ......................................................................................................... 18
Natuurlijke persoon / rechtspersoon .................................................................................................................... 18
De staat van de persoon ............................................................................................................................................. 19
Het huwelijk .................................................................................................................................................................... 21
Oefeningen op Chamilo ............................................................................................................................................... 29
De wettelijke samenwoning ...................................................................................................................................... 31
Deel 3: erfrecht ..................................................................................................................................................................... 32
Algemene bergrippen van erfrecht ........................................................................................................................ 32
1. erfrecht en successierechten ........................................................................................................................................................... 32
2. Begrippen ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 32
3. de nalatenschap aanvaarden of verwerpen........................................................................................................................... 33
Laura Mylle Vastgoed 1D1 1
, Technieken van het intestaat erfrecht ................................................................................................................. 34
1. Zonder LLE/LLP ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 34
2. Erfrecht van LLE/LLP ........................................................................................................................................................................... 39
3. beperkt erfrecht voor wettelijk samenwonenden............................................................................................................. 40
4. Waardering VG – NE .............................................................................................................................................................................. 40
Deel 4: contractenrecht ..................................................................................................................................................... 41
Begrippen en definities ............................................................................................................................................... 41
Soorten overeenkomsten ........................................................................................................................................... 41
Grondbeginselen van het contractenrecht.......................................................................................................... 43
1. CONTRACTVRIJHEID ............................................................................................................................................................................ 43
2. CONTRACT = WET .................................................................................................................................................................................. 44
3. CONSENSUALISME ................................................................................................................................................................................. 44
Geldigheidsvoorwaarden ........................................................................................................................................... 44
1. TOESTEMMING ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 45
2. BEKWAAMHEID ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 46
3. BEPAALD, MOGELIJK EN GEOORLOOFD VOORWERP .................................................................................................... 46
4. GEOORLOOFDE OORZAAK ................................................................................................................................................................ 47
SANCTIES BIJ EEN ONGELDIG CONTRACT................................................................................................................................. 47
Deel 5: contractenrecht ..................................................................................................................................................... 48
Wat doen bij contractbreuk? .................................................................................................................................... 48
Middelen alvorens naar de rechter te gaan................................................................................................................................ 48
Rechtzaak: middelen voor de eiser .................................................................................................................................................. 49
Rechtszaak: 1 middel voor de verweerder .................................................................................................................................. 50
Het einde van de overeenkomst .............................................................................................................................. 50
Het bewijs van verbintenissen ................................................................................................................................. 53
Het koopcontract ........................................................................................................................................................... 61
Het modelcompromis ............................................................................................................................................................................... 61
Definitie en geldigheidsvoorwaarden ................................................................................................................... 61
Bijzonderheden bij koop-verkoop onroerend goed........................................................................................ 63
Formaliteiten bij koop-verkooponroerend goed ............................................................................................. 66
Compromis in detail ..................................................................................................................................................... 67
Deel 6: Aansprakelijkheidsrecht ................................................................................................................................... 69
Verbintenissen uit onrechtmatige daad............................................................................................................... 69
Vormen van aansprakelijkheid........................................................................................................................................................... 69
Centrale vraag: wie betaalt de schade .................................................................................................................. 70
Enkelvoudige of persoonlijke aansprakelijkheid.................................................................................................................... 70
Samengestelde aansprakelijkheid .................................................................................................................................................... 73
foutloze aansprakelijkheid .................................................................................................................................................................... 74
Deel 7: zakenrecht............................................................................................................................................................... 75
Roerende en onroerende goederen ....................................................................................................................... 75
Zakelijke rechten: overzicht ..................................................................................................................................... 76
Zakelijke rechten: eigendom .................................................................................................................................... 77
Zakelijke rechten: vruchtgebruik art. 3.138 NBW ......................................................................................... 79
Laura Mylle Vastgoed 1D1 2
, Deel 7: ondernemingsrecht ............................................................................................................................................. 80
Vestigingsformaliteiten voor zelfstandigen ....................................................................................................... 80
Vennootschapsrecht ..................................................................................................................................................... 80
Oefensessies .......................................................................................................................................................................... 81
Oefensessie 1: technieken van erfrecht ................................................................................................................ 81
Woordenlijsten .................................................................................................................................................................... 94
Staatsrecht ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 94
Test jezelf ............................................................................................................................................................................... 97
Staatsrecht........................................................................................................................................................................ 97
Personen- en familierecht.......................................................................................................................................... 98
Contractenrecht ............................................................................................................................................................100
Resultaten test ....................................................................................................................................................................102
staatsrecht .......................................................................................................................................................................102
Personen- en familierecht.........................................................................................................................................102
Laura Mylle Vastgoed 1D1 3
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