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Samenvatting kwaliteitsvol wonen
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KWALITEITSVOL WONENVASTGOED 21-22
LAURA MYLLE
HOGENT
,Inhoudsopgave
Kader 1: wonen als basisbehoefte .................................................................................................................... 5
Recht op wonen. ................................................................................................................................................. 5
Wonen als sociaal grondrecht. ........................................................................................................................... 5
Sociale grondrechten. ......................................................................................................................................... 5
Universele Verklaring voor de rechten van de mens..................................................................................... 6
Handvest grondrechten van de EU ................................................................................................................ 6
Nationale verankering ................................................................................................................................... 6
Juridische verankering nat. en internat. ........................................................................................................ 7
De woonzaak ................................................................................................................................................. 8
Kader 2: woonbehoefte en woonmarkt.......................................................................................................... 10
Wonen als basisbehoefte ................................................................................................................................. 10
Wonen als sociaal grondrecht ..................................................................................................................... 10
Woonbehoefte vanuit recht op wonen ....................................................................................................... 10
Woningmarkt ................................................................................................................................................... 10
Eigendomsmarkt .......................................................................................................................................... 10
Particuliere huurmarkt ................................................................................................................................ 12
Woonbehoefte .................................................................................................................................................. 14
Aandeel eigenaar-bewoners op de woonmarkt .......................................................................................... 15
Particuliere huurmarkt ................................................................................................................................ 17
Sociale huurmarkt ....................................................................................................................................... 17
Betaalbaarheid ............................................................................................................................................ 17
Woonbehoefte en betaalbaarheid: België in Europa....................................................................................... 19
Enkele basisaspecten en –cijfers Europa ..................................................................................................... 19
Conclusie EU-rapport wonen 2019 .............................................................................................................. 20
Sociale huurmarkt ....................................................................................................................................... 22
Sociale huurmarkt Vlaanderen Facts & figures Stakeholders ........................................................................... 22
Bindend Sociaal Objectief ............................................................................................................................ 23
Sociale huisvesting – Stakeholders .............................................................................................................. 24
Woonactoren – gemeente & ocmw ............................................................................................................ 25
Sociale woonactoren – SHM en SVK ............................................................................................................ 25
Sociale woonactoren -VMSW ...................................................................................................................... 26
Woonactoren – agentschap wonen vlaanderen ......................................................................................... 26
Andere woonactoren ................................................................................................................................... 26
Sociale huurmarkt, vlaanderen wetgeving ....................................................................................................... 27
Sociale huisvesting – Wetgeving ................................................................................................................. 27
Sociale huisvesting – wetgeving .................................................................................................................. 28
Vergrijzing in de woningmarkt ......................................................................................................................... 28
Demografie – levensverwachting ................................................................................................................ 28
Vergrijzing van de woonmarkt – demografisch ........................................................................................... 28
67-plussers per arrondissement (Fed. Planbureau) .................................................................................... 29
Vergrijzende maatschappij .......................................................................................................................... 29
Kader 3: woonbeleid ...................................................................................................................................... 30
Zorgwonen, Ageing in place ............................................................................................................................. 30
Zelfstandig thuiswonen of ageing in place .................................................................................................. 30
Alternatief zorgwonen – huidige STAVAZA ................................................................................................. 30
Woningaanpassingen voor ouderen ............................................................................................................ 31
1
, Zorgwonen wooncentra ................................................................................................................................... 31
Woonzorgcentra in Vlaanderen .................................................................................................................. 32
Woonzorgcentra in België ........................................................................................................................... 32
Groepen van assisentiewoningen in België ................................................................................................. 33
Groepen van assistentiewoningen in Vlaanderen ....................................................................................... 33
Woningaanpassingen, personen met een beperking ....................................................................................... 33
Woningaanpassingen voor mensen met een beperking ............................................................................. 33
Wonen aan de onderkant armoede ................................................................................................................. 34
Problematische huisvestingssituatie ........................................................................................................... 34
Wonen aan de onderkant, Dak- en thuisloosheid. ........................................................................................... 35
Dak- en thuisloosheid .................................................................................................................................. 35
Oplossingen? ............................................................................................................................................... 35
HOUSING FIRST BELGIUM ............................................................................................................................ 36
Rapport KB Stichting .................................................................................................................................... 37
Woonbeleid ...................................................................................................................................................... 38
Vlaanderen – beleidsnota, wonen .................................................................................................................... 38
Speerpunten beleidsnota 2019 – 2024 ....................................................................................................... 38
Demografie Vlaams Gewest ........................................................................................................................ 38
Woonzekerheid ........................................................................................................................................... 38
Basis van beleidsnota wonen 2019 - 2024?................................................................................................. 39
Ondersteuning vraagzijde woningmarkt ..................................................................................................... 40
Ondersteuning aanbodzijde woningmarkt .................................................................................................. 41
Thema-overschrijdend instrumentarium .................................................................................................... 41
Lokaal woonbeleid............................................................................................................................................ 42
Lokale besturen – rol binnen domein wonen? ............................................................................................ 42
Knelpunten in het actuele woonbeleid ....................................................................................................... 42
Kader 4: kwaliteitsvol wonen ......................................................................................................................... 43
Waarom van belang voor VG-makelaar? ..................................................................................................... 43
Begrippen en kader .......................................................................................................................................... 45
Wat is een woning? ..................................................................................................................................... 45
Verschil tussen zelfstandige en niet-zelfstandige woning ........................................................................... 45
Normen en technisch verslag ........................................................................................................................... 46
Methodiek ........................................................................................................................................................ 46
Wat is er veranderd met de komst van VCW? ............................................................................................ 46
Wanneer is een woning conform? .............................................................................................................. 47
Eindbeoordeling technisch verslag is vereenvoudigd ................................................................................. 47
Een blik op het technisch verslag – voorbeeld ............................................................................................ 47
Hoe worden gebreken vastgesteld en beoordeeld? ................................................................................... 47
Technisch verslag (gebouw, woning en bezitting) ............................................................................................ 48
Technisch verslag.............................................................................................................................................. 48
(gebouwniveau (deel B)).............................................................................................................................. 48
Woning zelf (deel C)..................................................................................................................................... 50
Handhaving ...................................................................................................................................................... 55
Woningkwaliteit – Normen en handhavingspiramide ................................................................................. 55
Handhavingspiramide woningkwaliteit ....................................................................................................... 55
Administratief ................................................................................................................................................... 55
Fiscaal ............................................................................................................................................................... 58
Fiscaal handhaving....................................................................................................................................... 58
2
, Strafrechtelijk ................................................................................................................................................... 59
Misdrijf krotverhuur .................................................................................................................................... 59
Herstelvordering na strafrechtelijke handhaving ........................................................................................ 60
Misdrijf huisjesmelkerij ............................................................................................................................... 62
Privaatrechtelijk ............................................................................................................................................... 63
Privaatrechtelijke handhaving ..................................................................................................................... 63
Overbewoning .................................................................................................................................................. 64
Bezettingsnorm ........................................................................................................................................... 64
Bezettingsnorm - nettovloeroppervlakte .................................................................................................... 65
Thema 1: Betaalbaar wonen .......................................................................................................................... 66
1. Vastselling ............................................................................................................................................... 66
2. Analyse .................................................................................................................................................... 67
Inkomen ....................................................................................................................................................... 68
Prijs .............................................................................................................................................................. 68
Woonkost .................................................................................................................................................... 68
Financiering ................................................................................................................................................. 68
Gedrag ......................................................................................................................................................... 68
Vraag – aanbod ............................................................................................................................................ 69
Woonlocatie ................................................................................................................................................ 69
Woonwensen ............................................................................................................................................... 69
Betaalbaarheidsproblematiek ..................................................................................................................... 70
3. Basis voor mogelijkheden ....................................................................................................................... 70
PRIORITAIRE AANZETTEN TOT OPLOSSINGEN → BASIS .............................................................................. 70
4. Enkele concrete mogelijkheden .............................................................................................................. 72
Grondprijs .................................................................................................................................................... 73
Bouwkost ..................................................................................................................................................... 75
overheid ....................................................................................................................................................... 78
Thema 2: collectief wonen ............................................................................................................................. 81
1. Algemene situering ................................................................................................................................. 81
2. Veranderende tendensen ........................................................................................................................ 82
GESCHIEDENIS ............................................................................................................................................. 82
TENDENSEN ................................................................................................................................................. 83
Slim wonen & leven ..................................................................................................................................... 84
3. Collectieve woonvormen ......................................................................................................................... 84
Naar modellen ............................................................................................................................................. 84
Naar zelfstandigheid .................................................................................................................................... 89
Naar initiatiefnemer .................................................................................................................................... 90
4. Coöperatief wonen .................................................................................................................................. 91
5. Belangrijkste actoren / Pilootprojecten .................................................................................................. 96
Thema 3 Wonen en zorg................................................................................................................................. 97
1. Algemene situering ................................................................................................................................. 97
2. vernieuwend in Vlaanderen .................................................................................................................... 99
Skaeve Huse ................................................................................................................................................. 99
Housing first............................................................................................................................................... 101
Zorgwonen ................................................................................................................................................. 103
3. Pilootinitiatieven ................................................................................................................................... 108
Vlaams niveau .......................................................................................................................................... 108
3
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