– Carence (quasi) absolue de sécrétion insulinique
– Mécanisme immunologique : destruction progressive des cellules β des ilots de Langerhans par des
auto-anticorps (antiGAD, anti-IA2, anti-insuline)
• Dosage d’auto-anticorps dans le sang vient confirmer la pathologie
• A révélation brutale : les signes cardinaux s’installent en quelques semaines
– Après un repas : hyperglycémie -> Coma
– Loin d’un repas : hypoglycémie -> Coma
– Glycosurie et Polyurie osmotique : • Seuil rénal du glucose : 10 mM (1,80 g/L)
– Utilisation des sucres en réserves -> Amaigrissement et production d’acétone
Diabète de type 2 :
• Prévalence en France ≈ 4,6 % = 3 000 000 personnes
– 90 % des patients atteints de diabète
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