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summary muscular system (basics)
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summary of the anatomy of muscles
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MUSCULAR SYSTEMAnatomy muscle
Connective tissue layers (support)
o Epimysium: wrapped around muscle
o Perimysium; wrapped around fascicles in muscle
o Endomysium: wrapped around muscle cells (myocytes in fascicles)
tendon
Anatomy muscle fiber (myocytes)
Plasmalemma / sacrolemma
- Fuses with the tendon (= fibrous cords of connective tissue)
- Surrounds individual muscle fiber = “celmembrane”
Sarcoplasm (cytoplasm)
- Gelatin-like substance
- Fills the spaces within and between myofibrils
- Fluid part of muscle fiber = “cytoplasm”
Transvers tubules (T-tubules)
- Extensions of the plasmalemma
- Are interconnected, pass through muscle fiber
- Receives nerve impulses and transmit them to the individual myofibrills
- Provide pathways from outside fiber to its interior substances can enter
fiber and waste products can leave the fibers
, Sarcoplasmic reticulum
- Network of tubules, within muscle fiber
- Storage side for calcium, essential for muscle contraction
Myofibrils
- Small fibers made up of sacromeres, thick and thin filaments
Sacromeres
- Basic functional unit myofibril and basic contractile unit
- Striped pattern of skeletal muscles
- Dark regions, known as A-bands
Lighter center, H-zone or H-band only visible when myofibrill is
relaxed
Dark line in middle of H-zone, M-line
- Light regions known as I-bands
Interrupted by dark stripe, Z-disk or Z-line (boundaries between
sarcomeres)
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