AQA psychology revision table, based on advanced information topics (so some missing). Summary of all A01 content (1st column), supporting studies (2nd column) and evaluation/A03 points (3rd column)
A01:
THEORIES OF ROMANTIC RELATIONSHIPS: A03 evidence:
Homans - state of profit or loss A03: evaluation
Argyle argues that a cost/benefit analysis only
happens as a result of dissatisfaction with the
SOCIAL EXCHANGE THEORY: Rusbult - student couples completed relationship, also supported by Duck who
questionnaires regularly over a 7 month period, believed alternatives are only considered when
Economic theory of cost benefit analysis of
it was found that the ppts satisfaction and already dissatisfied. Argues that theory itself is
relationship. Includes material and emotional
levels of investment predicted how committed inaccurate at explaining relationships
costs. Compare costs and rewards to previous
they were to their relationships and whether
relationships and alternatives. Has 4 stages:
they lasted. Criticised by Sprecher who suggested close
Sampling – cost/reward is assessed relationships are too complex to analyse with
Simpson – supporting study, ppts were asked to simple cost benefit analysis
Bargaining – cost benefit analysis of
rate attractiveness of strangers, those in
relationship
relationships gave lower scores, suggesting Over simplified theory, doesn’t explain abusive
Commitment – relationship is
comparison of alternatives was low to maintain relationships and why people stay in
maintained through predictable
relationship satisfaction unrewarding relationships, doesn’t explain why
exchange of rewards
people leave a relationship without an
Institutionalised – relationship and
alternative. Doesn’t explain how big the gap
patterns of rewards established, and
between cost and benefit needs to be to lead
couple settles down
to satisfaction.
, A01:
EQUITY THEORY: A03 evidence:
Stafford and Canary – asked 200 married A03:
Mills evaluation
and Clark – argued that equity is hard to
couples to rate relationship based on equity measure and quantify due to emotional inputs.
Development of SET.
and on satisfaction, found that those who Suggested equity was more valued in
Idea of equity, meaning fairness, partners perceived their relationship to be most casual ,work friendships, acquaintances
should gain roughly the same ‘profits’ from equitable where most satisfied, followed by
Cause and effect, does equity lead to
relationship. If one partner over benefits and those who were over benefitting.
satisfaction or does satisfaction lead to a higher
one under benefits that is where dissatisfaction
Utne – also found couples with better equity perceived equity
is likely to occur. NOT equality, equity means
we want the same we put in, not that each were more satisfied
Cultural differences, Aumer-ryan found those in
partner should put the same in and get same individualist cultures found their relationship
out. The greater the inequity, the greater levels most satisfying when it was equitable, but
of dissatisfaction those in collectivist cultures found it most
satisfying when they were over benefiting.
Negative inequity – getting less than you’re
putting in
Positive inequity – getting more than you’re
putting in
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