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Samenvatting De huid anatomie en fysiologie 2
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De huid anatomie en fysiolgie semester 2
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De huid:Functies:
Bescherming
Warmteregulatie
Synthese van Vitamine D
Zintuigelijke waarneming
Schema van huid:
1. Epidermis: opperhuid
2. Dermis: lederhuid
3. Hypodermis/ subcutis: onderhuid
4. Basale membraan
5. Zweetklier
6. Zweetporie
7. Haarwortel in haarzakje
8. Haarschacht
9. Haarspier
10. Talgklier (sebum)
Cutis: lederhuid
Epidermis:
= meerlagig, verhoornd plaveiselcelepitheel (epitheel= dekweefsel)
Stratum germinativum= kiemlaag -> doen aan mitose
o Stratum basale
Drie tussengelegen lagen:
o Stratum spinosum
o Stratum granulosum
o Stratum lucidum
Hoornlaag= stratum corneum
Stratum basale:
Dermispapillen= kleine uitsteeksels van dermis die tot in epidermis reiken -> schaafwonden: zullen
bloeden als wonde in dermispapillen zich bevindt (bloedvaten)
Let op als basale membraan doorbroken door kankercellen
Mitosen: continue aanmaken van epiderma vanuit deze cellen -> huidkanker: invloed van
UV: cumulatief effect
o Let op met plotse felle expositie aan zon: DNA-schade/ verbranding
o Ook erfelijkheid speelt een rol + mijdt zonnebank (gevolg: huidveroudering)
Pigmentcellen= melanocyten -> energie absorberen in vorming van melanine -> 6
verschillende fototype: erg gevoelige huid en snel verbranden en donkere huidskleur niet
verbranden
o Maligne melanoma: huidkanker ontstaan uit pigmentcellen
Opmerkingen epidermis:
Vanuit basale cellen: cellen verschuiven naar boven en platten af, met minder cytoplasma, minder
celkern en meer en meer keratine -> stratum basale -> stratum spinosum -> stratum granulosum
-> stratum lucidum -> stratum corneum
Geen eigen bevloeiing, bezenuwing en lymfeafvoer
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