Lecture notes Cells and Immunity Innate and Adaptive Immunity (BI2BC45)
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Course
Cells and Immunity (BI2BC45)
Institution
University Of Reading (UoR)
The ninth lecture in a series for the module Cells and Immunity. This lecture covers innate and adaptive immunity, a variety of cell infection responses and more. A great way to start your understanding of the module or to miss a lecture or two.
Lecture:
1st line of defense
o Commensal bacteria (normal)
Compete with pathogens
Change Ph
Consume nutrients and secrete antimicrobial substances
o Skin
Collagen
Sweat w/salt, lysozymes and sebum
o Mucous membrane
Epithelium and connective tissue
Goblet cells make mucous
Pathogens find it hard to penetrate the mucous
Cilia that sweep the mucous and trapped
pathogens / particles along
Innate immunity
o 0-4 hours (initial)
o 4-96 hours (calling in other cells)
o Cells (phagocytes)
Fast and non-specific
Cell types
Macrophages (sensing of pathogens)
o Every tissue (fixed or wandering) from monocyte
differentiation
o Signal other immune cells
o Phagocytosis (pseudopodia in pinocytosis)
o Egs of fixed macrophages in other tissues
Osteoclasts
Microglia
Kupffer cells
o Recognize of cells: as non self, flagged bacteria (oxidization),
natural killer cells (recognize MHC class I cell if not
destruct)#
Receptors for molecules that the body does not
present eg Gv-/glucan(yeast)
Toll like receptors recognize PAMPS for response
TLR1/2/6 are heterodimers
Neutrophils (clear up pathogens)
o Circulate in blood for 7-10h prior to migrating into tissues
o Leukocytosis – clinical indicator
o Attracted to site of infection via chemotaxis factors secreted
by macrophages
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