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Apuntes Anatomía Patológica y Citodiagnóstico
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Apuntes de fisiopatología sobre la patología de la tiroides.
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Aumento del tamaño de la glándula tiroides. Puede ser bociosimple, en el cual la función tiroidea es normal, y también
podemos encontrar bocio con alteración de la función de la
hormona, es decir, con hipo o hipertiroidismo.
Un agrandamiento difuso y simétrico de la glándula (bocio
difuso), agrandamiento más irregular de la glándula tiroidea,
denominado bocio multinodular.
Aumento de la actividad funcional de la glándula tiroides y exceso de hormonas tiroideas que puede producir
bocio y algunos síntomas característicos como hiperactividad y ojos saltones.
Las causas más frecuentes de hipertiroidismo son: la enfermedad de Graves Basedow, el adenoma tóxico y el
bocio multinodular tóxico.
La enfermedad de Graves-Basedow es una enfermedad autoinmune caracterizada por la presencia de
inmunoglobulina G estimulante del tiroides en la sangre. Se caracteriza por la presencia de: hipertiroidismo,
bocio difuso alteraciones oftálmicas (exoftalmos) y en algunos casos dérmicas (mixedema pretibial).
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