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Anticuerpos

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Apunte digital y en formato studygram sobre anticuerpos

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  • August 12, 2022
  • 5
  • 2022/2023
  • Class notes
  • Tania zepeda
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Anticuerpos.
Receptores de antígeno generados al azar en el desarrollo de linfocitos b
BCR solubles en sangre
Más BCR en superficie que T CR en linfocito T
Linfocito B de memoria.
BCR / Ig / anticuerpo
Cadenas peptidicas.
Unen al antígeno
Transducción de señales de activación.
Se puede unir a antígenos aunque no este unido al linfocito B
Familia de inmunoglobulinas.
Desencadenan al complemento.
Neutraliza.
Opsoniza y facilita la fagocitosis.
Unión al antígeno = indispensable pero insuficiente.
Señales de estimulación por LT estimuladores ( citocinas, estimulador de receptores de superficie )

, CPA eficaces
CMH clase 2
Sinapsis con linfocito T colaborador.
Estimulan superficies de LB.
Modalidades de anticuerpos
Isotipos : basados en las formas de cadena pesada.
5 clases de isotipos en mamíferos que desempeñan funciones diferentes
Varian en función y estructura.
IgM, IgA, IgG, IgE, I y D
IgG : monomerica, en sangre, es la mas abundante y la única transmitida por la madre.
IgA : monomerica o dimerica, se encuentra en saliva o mucosas y baa en periodos de estrés.
IgM : pentamerica, es el primer anticuerpo excretado, se encuentra en la sangre y la linfa, ocasiona
aglutinación y lisis microbiana.
IgD : monomero ubicada en la membrana del linfocito B, en sangre y linfa.
IgE : momero, mastocitos y basofilos, reacciones alérgicas.


Se encuentran en dos formas : en sangre y fluidos corporales o adheridas a la membrana celular del LB.

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