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Pediatric Hesi Review questions and answers

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Pediatric Hesi Review questions and answers How is Duchenne muscular dystrophy inherited? Correct Answer: X-linked disorder typically due to *frameshift* (deletions, duplications, or nonsense) mutations --> truncated dystrophin protein --> inhibited muscle regeneration X-linked recessive...

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  • August 14, 2022
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  • 2022/2023
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Pediatric Hesi Review questions and answers
How is Duchenne muscular dystrophy inherited? Correct Answer: X-linked disorder typically due to
*frameshift* (deletions, duplications, or nonsense) mutations --> truncated dystrophin protein -->
inhibited muscle regeneration
X-linked recessive, affecting males mostly
*D*uchenne = *d*eleted *d*ystrophin

An infant has patent ductus arteriosus and is receiving indomethacin, what is the purpose of
administering this drug? Correct Answer: decrease murmur

What kind of toy is appropriate for a 10 yr old child with Rheumatic fever who is on strict bedrest
Correct Answer: checkers

What assessment is most important for the nurse to obtain when a dm1 pt said she wants to use a
pump instead of insulin inj? Correct Answer: understanding quality control and troubleshooting the
pump

A nine-week old infant is scheduled for a cleft lip repair. Which information is most important for the
nurse to convey to the surgeon before transporting the infant to the surgical suite?
A. wt gain lbs from birth
B. RBC count of 2.3 million
C. Urine specific gravity is 1.011
D. WBC count of 10,000 Correct Answer: RBC of 2.3 million/ normal is 4-5.5

What intervention is most important for nurse to include in the care of a child with pertussis receiving IV
azithromycin Correct Answer: Monitor for signs of facial swelling and urticaria

What may be a problem seen after surgery for Tetrology of Fallot? Correct Answer: Post-op fatigue,
anorexia, resp distress

What are the S/S of pyloric stenosis? Correct Answer: Olive mass in epigastric region
visible peristaltic waves
hyperemeresis

What kind of diet is best for celiac disease? Correct Answer: gluten free items and ingredients

What would cause an infant to have flaring nares ? Correct Answer: Sign of respiratory distress, infant
are nose breathers

When and why would a Lyme test be done on a child ? Correct Answer: By drawing blood, testing for
Borrelia burgdorferi after getting bitten by ticks. Done after 1-2 wks exposure.

What test is done to detect cystic fibrosis in children? Correct Answer: A 'sweat chloride test' is done if
PKU/ Metabolic screening is positive or there is a meconium ileus in the newborn or when the infant has
other such as; salty skin

, What is cradle cap and how do you get rid of it on an infant Correct Answer: A skin condition on the
infants scalp due to excessive sebum production; yellow/ brown scales on top of the head
- use mineral oil to moisten and brush with a fine comb

What is acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in children and what are the s/s? Correct Answer: blood caner
where blast cells do not become healthy wbc and stay in the bone marrow
s/s- anemia, frequent inf, bone/joint pain, bruising/ bleeding with petechiae
peaks btwn ages 2-5

What causes acute glomerlonephritis (AGN)? Correct Answer: post-streptococcal inf. tea colored urine
with hematuria, protein, and HBP with fluid retention
self limiting

Why do sickle cell pts have enuresis (bedwetting) Correct Answer: over hydration due to crisis & diluted
urine
enuresis is a s/s of sickle

What is Wilm's tumor? Correct Answer: nephroblastoma (kidney), mass in the ABD, DO NOT PALPATE

What are the s/s of congenital hip dysplasia? Correct Answer: Asymmetrical gluteal folds, seen with
breech babies, get an ultrasound & ortalani maneuver to check for loose hip in the socket
-tx with pavlik harness to abduct the hips, traction, serial casting

What is patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)? Correct Answer: heart defect w/ machine like murmur
treat w/ idomethacin to see if it will close w/o surgery can cause lung probs

What is the 'field of gaze' in a newborn and how important is this to assess? Correct Answer: if a
newborn does not respond when you talk or stare back at you when you are 'enface' position then you
may consider they have a hearing, sight, or autistic problem

What is a VP shunt? Correct Answer: a ventriculoperitoneal shunt is placed to relieve pressure on the
ventricles (4) of the head. primarily used in hydrocephaly

What is juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and how is it treated? Correct Answer: dx- before age 16; if you
have arthritis for 6 weeks or more, doctor rules out other causes.
tx- NSAIDs, steroids, methotrexate
regular eye exams to monitor for damage due to inflammation

When should solid food be offered to a baby? Correct Answer: when they are able to turn their head
toward the spoon
4-6mo, only give one food at a time

What is 'Synagis' and why is it given? Correct Answer: RSV vaccine, series of 5 injections

When a pediatric patient has an amputation what kind of teaching will the nurse do that is very
important to the patient's health? Correct Answer: inspect the stump for breakdown

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