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Samenvatting Nieuwe geschiedenis ()

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Samenvatting over nieuwe geschiedenis ()

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  • August 15, 2022
  • 38
  • 2020/2021
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Grote lijnen/Ontwikkelingen..................................................................................................................6
New Monarchs.......................................................................................................................................6
Engeland.............................................................................................................................................7
Spanje.................................................................................................................................................7
Frankrijk..............................................................................................................................................7
Frans I:............................................................................................................................................7
Concordaat van Bologna(1516):.....................................................................................................8
Karel V............................................................................................................................................8
Italië....................................................................................................................................................8
Heilige roomse rijk..............................................................................................................................8
Dynastie der Hapsburgers..................................................................................................................8
Renaissance en Humanisme...................................................................................................................8
Reformatie..............................................................................................................................................9
Katholieke geloof in de middeleeuwen:..............................................................................................9
2. Genade.......................................................................................................................................9
3. Heiligen(Relikwieën)...................................................................................................................9
4. Geestelijkheid.............................................................................................................................9
5. Pausdom...................................................................................................................................10
6. Concilie.....................................................................................................................................10
7. De zeven Sacramenten..............................................................................................................10
Crisis in de katholieke kerk................................................................................................................10
Humanisme als voorbereiding op de reformatie...............................................................................10
Luther...............................................................................................................................................11
Calvijn...............................................................................................................................................11
Zwingli..............................................................................................................................................11
Boerenopstanden 1524/1525...........................................................................................................11
Anglicaanse kerk...............................................................................................................................11
Het heilige Roomse Rijk en de reformatie.........................................................................................12
Schmalkaldisch verbond...............................................................................................................12
1555: Godsdienstvrede van Augsburg..............................................................................................12
Katholieke Reformatie......................................................................................................................12
Godsdienstoorlogen in West Europa(Vanaf 1560)...............................................................................13

Christian van der Pol
0994112 Pagina 1

, Frankrijk tot 1600.............................................................................................................................13
Bartholmeusnacht........................................................................................................................13
Nieuwe dynastie (Bourbon vanaf 1589).......................................................................................13
Politiques:.....................................................................................................................................13
Edict van Nantes...........................................................................................................................13
Engeland...........................................................................................................................................14
De ondergang van de Armada (1588)...........................................................................................14
Motieven voor west Europese ontdekkingsreizen................................................................................14
Voorwaarden voor west Europese ontdekkingsreizen......................................................................14
‘Encomienda’ systeem......................................................................................................................15
Verdrag van Tordesillas (1494).........................................................................................................15
Factorijen..........................................................................................................................................15
Volksplantingen of koloniën, Spanje.................................................................................................15
Manier van koloniseren. Aard van de handel...................................................................................15
Portugal........................................................................................................................................15
Spanje...........................................................................................................................................15
1 Het proces van (dynastieke) staatsvorming. De centralisatie van de macht en het verzet daartegen.
..............................................................................................................................................................15
2 De overgang naar een kapitalistische wereldeconomie en de verschuiving van het (economische)
zwaartepunt van het zuiden naar het noordwesten............................................................................15
3 De overgang van een standenmaatschappij naar een klassenmaatschappij.....................................16
4 De secularisering van de samenleving; (godsdienst verliest aan invloed, ander wereldbeeld).........16
De lange zestiende eeuw 1450-1650...................................................................................................16
17e eeuw: Verzet tegen centralisatie van de macht – Belastingopstanden.........................................16
Engeland:..........................................................................................................................................16
Frankrijk:...........................................................................................................................................16
Duitse rijk:........................................................................................................................................16
30 jarige oorlog(1618 – 1648).......................................................................................................16
Frankrijk in de 17e eeuw..................................................................................................................18
Het absolutisme van Lodewijk XIV....................................................................................................18
Kardinaal Richelieu...........................................................................................................................18
La Fronde (1648-1653).....................................................................................................................18
Oorzaken absolutisme in Frankrijk...................................................................................................18
Frankrijk tijdens Lodewijk XIV (Vanaf 1661 regeerde hij alleen).......................................................19

Christian van der Pol
0994112 Pagina 2

, Bestuur.............................................................................................................................................19
Leger.................................................................................................................................................19
Cultuur..............................................................................................................................................19
Religie...............................................................................................................................................19
Buitenlandse politiek........................................................................................................................20
De oorlogen van Lodewijk XIV..........................................................................................................20
Wat leverden al die oorlogen op?....................................................................................................20
Na de vrede van Westfalen(Frankrijk)..............................................................................................20
Het Europese machtsevenwicht...........................................................................................................20
De Spaanse successie oorlog............................................................................................................20
1713: De vrede van Utrecht..............................................................................................................21
Constitutionalisme................................................................................................................................21
Engeland – Stuarts............................................................................................................................21
De problemen van Charles I (1625-1649).........................................................................................21
Protectoraat (1649-1660).................................................................................................................21
1660: Restauratie.............................................................................................................................22
1688/89: Glorious revolution...........................................................................................................22
Bill of Rights......................................................................................................................................22
Vergelijking Absolutisme en Constitutionalisme..................................................................................22
17e eeuw Wetenschappelijke Revolutie:..............................................................................................22
Invloeden op de wetenschappelijke revolutie..................................................................................22
18e eeuw Verlichting:...........................................................................................................................23
Geocentrisch wereldbeeld................................................................................................................23
Heliocentrisch wereldbeeld Copernicus (1473-1543).......................................................................23
Galileo Galilei (1564-1642)...............................................................................................................23
Bacon: empirisme.............................................................................................................................23
Descartes: rationalisme....................................................................................................................23
De Verlichting.......................................................................................................................................23
Three central concepts.....................................................................................................................23
Invloeden:.....................................................................................................................................23
Franse verlichting.................................................................................................................................24
Montesquieu....................................................................................................................................24
Voltaire.............................................................................................................................................24
Deïsme..........................................................................................................................................24
Christian van der Pol
0994112 Pagina 3

, Verdraagzaamheid........................................................................................................................24
Afwijzen kerk/tradities.................................................................................................................24
Rousseau..........................................................................................................................................24
Philosphes........................................................................................................................................24
Het Maatschappelijk Verdrag (1762)................................................................................................24
De Algemene Volkswil......................................................................................................................24
Verspreiding en invloed van de verlichting.......................................................................................24
Verlicht absolutisme.............................................................................................................................25
Josephinisme....................................................................................................................................25
Kenmerken verlicht absolutisme......................................................................................................25
Pruisen..............................................................................................................................................25
Uitbreiding grondgebied...................................................................................................................26
Pruisische machinestaat...................................................................................................................26
Oostenrijkse successie oorlog...........................................................................................................26
1713: Pragmatieke Sanctie...............................................................................................................26
Duits dualisme..................................................................................................................................26
1740-1768: Oorlogen waarin Pruisen en Oostenrijk tegenover elkaar staan...................................27
Ancien Régime......................................................................................................................................27
Politieke crisis: de monarchie...........................................................................................................27
De publieke opinie in Frankrijk.....................................................................................................27
Sociale crisis: standensamenleving, belastingstelsel........................................................................27
De standensamenleving................................................................................................................27
De financiën, de staatsschuld...........................................................................................................28
Gebeurtenissen 1789....................................................................................................................28
Terreur (1792-1794).............................................................................................................................28
Sans Culottes....................................................................................................................................29
Slachtoffers Terreur..........................................................................................................................29
1794: EINDE VAN DE TERREUR.........................................................................................................29
Europa en de revolutie.........................................................................................................................29
Patriottisme......................................................................................................................................29
Staatsvorming, de natie....................................................................................................................29
Napoleon Bonaparte............................................................................................................................29
Bank van Frankrijk............................................................................................................................30
De expansie van Napoleon in Europa:..............................................................................................31
Christian van der Pol
0994112 Pagina 4

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