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Samenvatting Persoonlijkheidspsychologie
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Volledige samenvatting van de cursus persoonlijkheidspsychologie
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PersoonlijkheidspsychologieStudeeraanwijzingen & leerdoelen in de cursus
1 KENNISMAKING MET DE PERSOONLIJKHEIDSPSYCHOLOGIE .................................................................... 3
1.1 INLEIDING ................................................................................................................................................. 3
1.2 HET BEGRIP PERSOONLIJKHEID ....................................................................................................................... 3
1.2.1 Definitie ............................................................................................................................................. 4
1.2.2 Enkele aanverwante begrippen ......................................................................................................... 4
1.3 ONTSTAAN VAN DE PERSOONLIJKHEID ............................................................................................................. 5
1.3.1 Aangeboren of aangeleerd? .............................................................................................................. 5
1.3.2 Tweelingstudies ................................................................................................................................. 6
1.3.3 Biologische aspecten ......................................................................................................................... 7
1.4 SITUERING IN HET VAKGEBIED VAN DE PSYCHOLOGIE .......................................................................................... 7
1.4.1 Verhouding tot de Algemene Psychologie ......................................................................................... 8
1.4.2 Verhouding tot de Differentiële Psychologie ..................................................................................... 8
1.4.3 Verhouding tot de Psychopathologie ................................................................................................ 8
2 HISTORIEK VAN DE PERSOONLIJKHEIDSTHEORIEËN ................................................................................. 9
2.1 INLEIDING ................................................................................................................................................. 9
2.2 KLASSIEKE PERSOONLIJKHEIDSTHEORIEËN (OF TYPOLOGIEËN) ............................................................................... 9
2.2.1 De verre voorgeschiedenis ............................................................................................................... 10
2.2.2 Meer recente opvattingen ............................................................................................................... 11
2.2.3 De constitutieleer ............................................................................................................................ 12
2.3 ONDERSCHEID TUSSEN TYPOLOGIEËN ............................................................................................................ 16
2.3.1 Kritieken tegen de typologieën ........................................................................................................ 16
2.3.2 Trektheorieën .................................................................................................................................. 16
3 DE BELANGRIJKSTE HEDENDAAGSE PERSOONLIJKHEIDSTHEORIEËN ...................................................... 17
3.1 INLEIDING ............................................................................................................................................... 17
3.2 HET MODERNE DENKEN OVER PERSOONLIJKHEID ............................................................................................. 17
3.2.1 Allport .............................................................................................................................................. 17
3.2.2 Cattell .............................................................................................................................................. 18
3.2.3 Eysenck ............................................................................................................................................ 19
4 VIER GROTE STROMINGEN IN DE PSYCHOLOGIE EN PSYCHOTHERAPIE .................................................. 20
4.1 HET BEHAVIORISME................................................................................................................................... 20
4.1.1 Mensbeeld van het behaviorisme .................................................................................................... 20
4.1.2 De orthodoxe behavioristen: Skinner .............................................................................................. 20
4.1.3 De neo-behavioristen: Bandura ....................................................................................................... 22
4.1.4 Praktische toepassingen & therapie ................................................................................................ 23
, Hoofdstuk 1
4.2 DE PSYCHODYNAMISCHE PSYCHOLOGIE ......................................................................................................... 23
4.2.1 Freud ............................................................................................................................................... 23
4.2.2 Adler ................................................................................................................................................ 25
4.2.3 Jung ................................................................................................................................................. 26
4.2.4 Mahler ............................................................................................................................................. 27
4.2.5 Klein ................................................................................................................................................. 28
4.2.6 Winnicott ......................................................................................................................................... 29
4.2.7 Lacan ............................................................................................................................................... 29
4.3 DE HUMANISTISCHE PSYCHOLOGIE ............................................................................................................... 31
4.3.1 Maslow ............................................................................................................................................ 31
4.3.2 Rogers.............................................................................................................................................. 32
4.4 DE SYSTEEMTHEORIE – HET INTERACTIONISME ................................................................................................ 34
4.4.1 Sullivan ............................................................................................................................................ 34
4.4.2 Leary ................................................................................................................................................ 35
4.5 DE COGNITIEVE PERSOONLIJKHEIDSPSYCHOLOGIE ............................................................................................ 36
4.5.1 Inleiding ........................................................................................................................................... 36
4.5.2 De cognitieve stijl ............................................................................................................................ 37
4.5.3 De cognitieve structuur ................................................................................................................... 38
5 PERSOONLIJKHEIDSONDERZOEK & PERSOONLIJKHEIDSMETING ............................................................ 40
5.1 INLEIDING ............................................................................................................................................... 40
5.3 TOEPASSING: PERSOONLIJKHEID & SCHOOLPRESTATIES ..................................................................................... 40
5.4 DIAGNOSTIEK ........................................................................................................................................... 41
5.7 THE BIG FIVE ........................................................................................................................................... 42
6 PERSOONLIJKHEID & ARBEIDSSITUATIES ............................................................................................... 44
6.1 PERSOONLIJKHEID VAN DE SOLLICITANT ......................................................................................................... 44
6.1.1 Selectie ............................................................................................................................................ 44
6.1.2 Werknemerskarakteristieken in de selectieprocedure .................................................................... 44
6.1.3 Grafologie als methode: pro & contra – enkele meningen.............................................................. 45
6.2 PERSOONLIJKHEID VAN DE WERKNEMER ........................................................................................................ 45
6.2.1 Bepalende factoren voor succes ...................................................................................................... 45
6.2.2 Motivatie van de werknemer .......................................................................................................... 46
6.2.3 Faalangst ......................................................................................................................................... 47
6.2.4 Emotionele intelligentie................................................................................................................... 47
6.2.5 Opnieuw: grafologie ........................................................................................................................ 47
Persoonlijkheidspsychologie 2
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