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Samenvatting Anatomie H14
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Anatomie hoofdstuk 14
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Anatomie: Het lymfestelsel en immuniteit (H14)1. Anatomische barrières en verdedigingsmechanismen
Definities lymfestelsel
Pathogenen = organismen die een ziekte veroorzaken.
Lymfestelsel = cellen, weefsels en organen die een centrale rol in de
afweer van het lichaam spelen tegen pathogenen.
- Specifieke afweer (= immuunreactie)
- Niet specifieke afweer
, 2. Lymfevaten, lymfocyten, lymfeweefsels en lymfoïde
organen
Lymfestelsel bestaat uit vier onderdelen:
Vaten: lymfevaten
Vloeistof: lymfe
Lymfocyten
Lymfoïde weefsels en organen
- Functies van het lymfestelsel
(1) Productie, onderhoud en verspreiding van lymfocyten (in beenmerg, thymus
en milt).
- Lymfocyten vallen binnendringende organismen, abnormale cellen en
vreemde eiwitten aan.
(2) Behoud van het bloedvolume.
(3) Transport van hormonen, voedingsstoffen en afvalstoffen.
- Lymfevaten
Hierdoor stroomt lymfe.
Beginnen als lymfecapillairen in de weefsels (perifere weefsels).
Lymfe wordt afgevoerd in het veneuze stelsel:
- Bij de ductus thoracicus (voert rest lymfe af)
- Bij de ductus lymphaticus dexter (afvoer lymfe van R-kant lichaam boven
diafragma)
Lymfoedeem = ledematen zwellen op doordat zich interstitiële vloeistof
ophoopt (blokkage).
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