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Samenvatting Anatomie H14

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Anatomie hoofdstuk 14

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  • December 29, 2015
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  • 2014/2015
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Anatomie: Het lymfestelsel en immuniteit (H14)



1. Anatomische barrières en verdedigingsmechanismen
Definities lymfestelsel
Pathogenen = organismen die een ziekte veroorzaken.
Lymfestelsel = cellen, weefsels en organen die een centrale rol in de
afweer van het lichaam spelen tegen pathogenen.
- Specifieke afweer (= immuunreactie)
- Niet specifieke afweer

, 2. Lymfevaten, lymfocyten, lymfeweefsels en lymfoïde
organen
Lymfestelsel bestaat uit vier onderdelen:

 Vaten: lymfevaten
 Vloeistof: lymfe
 Lymfocyten
 Lymfoïde weefsels en organen


- Functies van het lymfestelsel
(1) Productie, onderhoud en verspreiding van lymfocyten (in beenmerg, thymus
en milt).
- Lymfocyten vallen binnendringende organismen, abnormale cellen en
vreemde eiwitten aan.
(2) Behoud van het bloedvolume.
(3) Transport van hormonen, voedingsstoffen en afvalstoffen.


- Lymfevaten
Hierdoor stroomt lymfe.
Beginnen als lymfecapillairen in de weefsels (perifere weefsels).
Lymfe wordt afgevoerd in het veneuze stelsel:
- Bij de ductus thoracicus (voert rest lymfe af)
- Bij de ductus lymphaticus dexter (afvoer lymfe van R-kant lichaam boven
diafragma)
Lymfoedeem = ledematen zwellen op doordat zich interstitiële vloeistof
ophoopt (blokkage).

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