Deze samenvatting werd gemaakt aan de hand van de Powerpoints, de lessen en het Handboek (waar interessant). Het bevat de oplossingen van de oefeningen. In eerste zit een 15/20 mee gehaald.
,INHOUD
INLEIDING ................................................................................................................................................................ 7
A. examen....................................................................................................................................................... 7
B. overzicht..................................................................................................................................................... 7
DEEL I. aanknopingspunten van het economisch recht .......................................................................................... 8
A. aanloop: evoluties en begripsbepaling ...................................................................................................... 8
1. “Handelsrecht” ...................................................................................................................................... 8
2. Geschiedenis van het handelsrecht ....................................................................................................... 8
3. wetboek van koophandel ...................................................................................................................... 8
4. wetboek van koophandel a la belge ...................................................................................................... 8
5. Naar de huidige benadering .................................................................................................................. 8
6. economisch recht sensu lato vandaag................................................................................................... 8
7. Normatieve vindplaatsen van economisch recht ................................................................................ 10
B. de verschillende ondernemingsbegrippen .............................................................................................. 11
1. onderneming in de zin van boek I WER ............................................................................................... 11
1.1 gewijzigd ondernemingsbegrip .......................................................................................................... 11
1.2 Analyse (huidig) ondernemingsbegrip ............................................................................................... 12
I. natuurlijke personen die zelfstandig (1) een beroepsactiviteit (2) uitoefenen ......................... 12
II. alle rechtspersonen .................................................................................................................... 14
III. andere organisaties zonder rechtspersoonlijkheid ................................................................ 15
IV. Besluit ..................................................................................................................................... 17
2. onderneming in de zin van boek III WER ............................................................................................. 17
2.1 definities bij boek III ........................................................................................................................... 17
2.2 geregistreerde entiteit ....................................................................................................................... 17
2.3 inschrijvingsplichtige onderneming KBO............................................................................................ 17
2.4 Boekhoudplichtige onderneming ....................................................................................................... 18
3. onderneming in het mededingingsrecht sensu lato ............................................................................ 18
3.1 Onderneming in het EU-mededingingsrecht ..................................................................................... 18
3.2 onderneming in de zin van boek IV en V WER = mededingingsrecht sensu stricto ........................... 22
I. Analyse ........................................................................................................................................ 22
II. Toepassingsgevallen ................................................................................................................... 24
III. Uitsluitingen van het ondernemingsbegrip .................................................................................... 26
1) Overheidstaken ........................................................................................................................... 26
2) witte sector en sociale activiteiten ............................................................................................. 27
3) Werknemers/ CAO’s ............................................................................................................... 29
4) kopers zonder verkoopmarkt ................................................................................................. 29
5) moeder-dochter + handelsagent ............................................................................................ 29
3.3 Onderneming in de zin van boek VI WER (marktpraktijken) ............................................................. 29
1
, I. Belgische marktpraktijkenrecht: de saga .................................................................................... 30
II. ondernemingsbegrip in EU-consumentenrichtlijnen .................................................................. 30
III. analyse ondernemingsbegrip boek VI .................................................................................... 31
1) duurzame wijze ........................................................................................................................... 31
2) economisch doel ......................................................................................................................... 31
3) alsmede zijn verenigingen ...................................................................................................... 32
Toepasingsgevallen: ........................................................................................................................ 33
4. consument in de zin van boek VI WER ................................................................................................ 38
4.1 consument vs onderneming............................................................................................................... 38
4.2 analyse consumentenbegrip .............................................................................................................. 38
4.3 de gemiddelde consument ................................................................................................................ 42
5. onderneming in de zin van boek XI WER ............................................................................................. 42
6. onderneming in de zin van boek XX WER ............................................................................................ 43
samengevat .................................................................................................................................................. 43
DEEL II. Kenmerkende regels voor ondernemingen ............................................................................................. 44
A. Economische activiteiten starten ............................................................................................................. 44
1. Vrijheid van ondernemen .................................................................................................................... 44
2. economische bekwaamheid ................................................................................................................ 44
2.1 Onverenigbaarheden ......................................................................................................................... 44
2.2 Beroepsverboden ............................................................................................................................... 45
2.3 Vestigingsrecht ................................................................................................................................... 45
2.4 Vrijheid van vestiging & dienstverlening............................................................................................ 46
3. Algemene verplichtingen ..................................................................................................................... 46
3.1 Inschrijving KBO ................................................................................................................................ 46
3.2 Fiscale en sociale verplichtingen ........................................................................................................ 47
3.3 Zichtrekening ..................................................................................................................................... 47
3.4 Boekhoudingsplicht ............................................................................................................................ 47
4. transparantie- & informatieplichten ................................................................................................... 48
B. Basisregels economische transacties ....................................................................................................... 48
1. Hoofdelijkheid ..................................................................................................................................... 48
2. Bewijs (Examen) .................................................................................................................................. 49
3. Vormloze ingebrekestelling ................................................................................................................. 52
4. Betalingsachterstand handelstransacties ............................................................................................ 52
5. Invorderingen van schulden ................................................................................................................ 52
6. Schadevergoeding & consumenten ..................................................................................................... 53
7. Ondernemingsrechtbank ..................................................................................................................... 53
8. Onbeslagbaarheid van de woning ....................................................................................................... 54
9. Handelszaak ......................................................................................................................................... 54
2
, DEEL III. Marktpraktijken....................................................................................................................................... 57
A. inleiding.................................................................................................................................................... 57
B. Kernbegrippen ......................................................................................................................................... 57
C. Informatie van de markt .......................................................................................................................... 60
1. Algemene verplichting informatie consument ......................................................................................... 60
2. verplichtingen inzake Prijsaanduiding ...................................................................................................... 61
3. Etikettering van goederen en diensten .................................................................................................... 62
4. Hoeveelheidsaanduiding .......................................................................................................................... 62
D. Verboden (markt)praktijken .................................................................................................................... 63
1. overzicht ................................................................................................................................................... 63
2. oneerlijke handelspraktijken jegens consumenten (B2C) ........................................................................ 63
2.1 verbodsbepaling ................................................................................................................................. 63
2.2 systematiek van de verboden praktijken ........................................................................................... 63
I. algemene, overkoepelende open norm...................................................................................... 64
II. twee specifieke open normen .................................................................................................... 64
III. zwarte lijst .............................................................................................................................. 65
3.3 privaatrechtelijke sancties .......................................................................................................... 66
3. oneerlijke marktpraktijken tussen ondernemingen (B2B) ....................................................................... 67
3.1 systematiek oneerlijke marktpraktijken ............................................................................................ 67
I. algemene open norm .................................................................................................................. 67
II. bijzonder open normen .............................................................................................................. 68
III. zwarte lijsten .......................................................................................................................... 68
3.2 sanctie oneerlijke marktpraktijken .................................................................................................... 68
E. reclame, vergelijkende reclame en ongewenste communicatie ............................................................. 69
1. reclame .................................................................................................................................................... 69
2. vergelijkende reclame .............................................................................................................................. 70
3.1 grondvoorwaarden ..................................................................................................................... 70
2.2 voorwaarden rechtmatigheid ............................................................................................................ 71
3. ongewenste communicatie ...................................................................................................................... 74
F. promoties inzake prijzen ............................................................................................................................... 75
maximale europese harmonisatie ................................................................................................................ 75
1. aankondiging van Prijsvermindering ........................................................................................................ 76
3. uitverkoop ........................................................................................................................................... 76
3. solden of opruimingen ............................................................................................................................ 77
4. sperperiodes ........................................................................................................................................ 77
5. Titels die recht geven op terugbetaling of prijsvermindering (= “Bonnen”) ............................................ 78
6. verkoop met verlies .................................................................................................................................. 78
G. overeenkomsten met consumenten ............................................................................................................ 80
3
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller evavanhaudt. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $9.12. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
