Summary Pearson Edexcel Biology Paper 5 Processes: Pt 1
6 views 0 purchase
Course
Paper 5 Processes; Topics 7 & 8 (YBI11)
Institution
PEARSON (PEARSON)
A summary of all the processes that are useful to memorise before sitting a paper 5 exam.
Looks at Topic 7. Topic 8 is in another document
Made to maximise the number of marks you can achieve.
Brief and easy to understand
1. PHOSPHORYLATION OF GLUCOSE (6 CARBONS):
- Glucose is phosphorylated using 2 x ATP
- Produces:
- 2 x triose phosphate
- 2 x ADP
2. OXIDATION OF TRIOSE PHOSPHATE:
- After triose phosphate loses hydrogen, it forms 2 x pyruvate
- Hydrogen ions are collected by NAD⁻ which reduces the coenzyme
- Forms 2 x NADH
3. PRODUCTS OF GLYCOLYSIS:
- 2 x pyruvate
- Moves into the mitochondrial matrix for the link reaction
- 2 x ATP
- Total of 4 is made but 2 were used to phosphorylate glucose
- Leaves 2
- 2 x NADH
- Used during oxidative phosphorylation
7A: Link Reaction in the Mitochondrial Matrix:
1. 2 x pyruvate goes from the cytoplasm and into the mitochondria through the
mitochondrial matrix
2. C & O₂ is removed from the pyruvate through decarboxylation
- Results in the formation of CO₂ & a 2 Carbon compound
3. The 2 Carbon compound joins with coenzyme A to form acetyl coenzyme A
- Pyruvate is oxidised
- Loses a hydrogen ion to NAD⁻ & forms NADH through
dehydrogenation
4. Decarboxylases removes CO₂; Dehydrogenases remove Hydrogen
5. PRODUCTS OF THE LINK REACTION:
- Every molecule of glucose produces 2 x pyruvate, so the cycle occurs twice
per glucose molecule
- SO, THE PRODUCTS ARE:
, - 2 x acetyl CoA
- Energy from here is used in the Krebs Cycle
- 2 x CO₂
- 2 x NADH
- Used in the Electron Transport Chain to produce ATP
7A: The Krebs Cycle in the Mitochondrial Matrix:
1. Acetyl group (3 Carbons) from acetyl coenzyme A combines with a 4 Carbon
compound to form a 6 Carbon compound
2. The 6 Carbon compound is highly unstable so it breaks down to form a 4 Carbon
compound
- 2 x CO₂ is removed in the process & is released as a waste product through
decarboxylation
3. The 4 Carbon compound combines with an acetyl group (2 Carbons) from acetyl
coenzyme A
- Produces another 6 Carbon compound
- Steps 2 & 3 are repeated on a cycle
4. The 6 Carbon compound releases Hydrogen atoms that reduces NAD⁻ & FADH⁻²
to 3 x NADH & 1 x FADH₂
5. A phosphate is transferred from one of the intermediates in the substrate level
phosphorylation to ADP
- Forms 1 x ATP
6. PRODUCTS OF KREBS CYCLE:
- Every molecule of glucose produces 2 x acetyl coenzyme A molecules, so
the cycle occurs twice per glucose molecule
- SO, THE PRODUCTS ARE:
- 2 x ATP
- 6 x NADH
- Used in oxidative phosphorylation
- 2 X FADH₂
- Used in oxidative phosphorylation
- 4 x CO₂
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller am7067. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $23.22. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
