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Samenvatting pathologie 1: hoofdstuk 5 $5.88
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Samenvatting pathologie 1: hoofdstuk 5

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Samenvatting pathologie 1: hoofdstuk 5 semester 1

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  • August 20, 2022
  • 2
  • 2021/2022
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H5 Dyslipidemieën
= abnormale hoeveelheid lipiden (cholesterol, triglyceriden, fosfolipiden) in het bloed

Herhaling fysiologie en biochemie
LEZEN + linken kunnen leggen

Dyslipedieën
= concentratie bepaalde lipiden in bloed te hoog of te laag

Indeling
Vroeger via Fredrickson  zeer nuttig om pathofysiologische etiologie te onderscheiden

Meeste hyperlipidemieën  gebonden aan levensgewoonten
 Onderscheid tussen hyperlipidemie en hypolipidemie
o Hyperlipidemie  hypercholesterolemie of hypertrigliceridemie of mengvorm

Referentiewaarden
Referentiewaarden voor concentratie lipiden in bloed verschillen volgens pathologie en invalshoek

Meest betrouwbare referentiewaarden voor België  Belgian Lipid Club
 Totaal cholesterol < 190 mg/dl
 LDL cholesterol < 115 mg/dl
 HDL cholesterol <40 mg/dl
 Triglyceriden <180 mg/dl

Index totaal cholesterol/ HDL cholesterol = risico index  mag niet hoger dan 5

Screening aangeraden bij mannen >35 jaar en vrouwen >45 jaar
 Bij mensen ouder dan 70 jaar screening meestal strikt genomen meer nodig

Deze waarden verschillen van bron tot bron  enkel over screening

Hypolipidemieën
Tekort aan lipiden in bloed komt voor bij extreme ondervoeding en cachexie
 Eerder teken van andere ziekte
 Aanpak is oorzakelijk

Hyperlipidemieën
Hypercholesterolemie
Komt voor in 2 vormen
1. Familiale hypercholesterolemie  erfelijk
o Door fout in aanmaak van LDL receptor
o LDL concentraties in bloed kunnen sterk toegenomen zijn
2. Fout in levensgewoontes

Hypertriglyceridemie
Komt voor in 2 vormen
1. Familiale vorm
2. Verworven vorm  levensgewoonten

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