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Samenvatting Elektriciteit

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Samenvatting van het vak elektriciteit Inhoud: - Inleiding - Magnetisme - Driefasenet - Wisselspanningen en -stromen - Transformatoren - Motoren - Elektrische installaties - Productie en verdeling van energie - Samenvattende tabel formules magnetisme

Last document update: 2 year ago

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  • August 22, 2022
  • August 22, 2022
  • 212
  • 2020/2021
  • Summary
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Elektriciteit
Inleiding (informatief)

- Elektrostatica
- Gelijkstroomtheorie
o Definities
o Basiswetten
▪ Ohm
▪ Kirchhoff
- Elektromagnetisme
- Wisselstroomtheorie
o Definities
o Spoel, weerstand en condensator
o Serie- en parallelschakeling
- Driefasige systemen
o Bijvoorbeeld: hoogspanning
- Aandrijvingen
o Motoren
o Transformatoren
- Elektriciteitsmarkt

Algemeen

- Begrip elektriciteit: lang gekend (> 2000 j)
o Ontstaan:
▪ Grieks: elektron → barnsteen in Nederlands
- 1800: Volta
o Permanent vloeiende elektrische stroom
▪ Effecten wetenschappelijk onderzoeken + praktisch kunnen toepassen
o = begin der elektrotechniek
- 1866: Werner Von Siemens
o Dynamo-elektrische principe → industriële elektriciteitsopwekking
- Elektron
o Atoom bestaat uit positief geladen atoomkern en negatief geladen omhulsel
▪ Negatief geladen omhulsel = bijna massaloze elektronen die op verschillende
schillen cirkelen
• Cirkelbeweging: optredende centrifugaal kracht houdt
aantrekkingskracht door tegengestelde elektrische ladingen (kern en
omhulsel) in evenwicht
▪ Atoomkern:
• Positieve massadeeltjes = protonen
• Elektrisch neutrale massadeeltjes = neutronen
- Opbouw atoom: elektronen zijn ‘mobiel’
o Elektronen in beweging brengen = stroom
- Atoom (elektrisch) neutraal: elektronen = protonen
o Aantal gelijke ladingsmassa’s bij protonen en elektronen → wegen in elektrisch
opzicht tegen elkaar op
o Alle atomen streven naar een verzadigde buitenste elektronenschil



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