Occupational Therapy Questions and Answers

Occupational Therapy Questions and Answers Activity Analysis Correct Answer: The process used by OT practitioners which "addresses the typical demands of an activity, the range of skills involved in its performance, and the various cultural meanings that might be ascribed to it." OT Perspective on Activity Analysis Correct Answer: Not only looks at how an activity might be typically done but how it is done and experienced by an individual, examining the internal and external influences on performance. Activity Analysis Process Correct Answer: 1. Activity awareness 2. Identify the steps required 3. Determining the activity demands 4. Analysis for therapeutic intervention Activity Demands Correct Answer: 1. Objects and their properties 2. Space demands 3. Social demands 4. Sequence and timing 5. Required actions 6. Required body functions 7. Required body structures Areas of Occupation Correct Answer: ADL, IADL, Rest and Sleep, Education, Work, Play, Leisure, and Social Participation Activities of Daily Living Correct Answer: Activities that are oriented toward taking care of one's own body Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Correct Answer: Activities that are oriented toward interacting with the environment and that are often complex-generally optional in nature (i.e., may be delegated to another) Rest and Sleep Correct Answer: Includes activities related to obtaining restorative rest and sleep that supports healthy active engagement in other areas of occupation Education Correct Answer: Includes activities needed for being a student and participating in a learning environment Work Correct Answer: Includes activities needed for engaging in remunerative employment or volunteer activities Play Correct Answer: Any spontaneous or organized activity that provides enjoyment, entertainment, amusement, or diversion Leisure Correct Answer: A nonobligatory activity that is intrinsically motivated and engaged in during discretionary time, that is time not committed to obligatory occupations such as work, self-care, or sleep Social Participation Correct Answer: Activities associated with organized patterns of behavior that are characteristic and expected of an individual or an individual interacting with others within a given social system Methods For Determining Key Steps Correct Answer: 1. Mentally process the steps 2. Engage in the activity yourself 3. Talk to your client 4. Talk to someone who performs this activity 5. Watch someone perform the activity Procedural Task Analysis Correct Answer: 1. Action verb 2. Objects used or interacted with 3. How the action takes place (adverb) EX. "Open the door slowly." Co-Occupations Correct Answer: Occupations that involve more than one person EX. Caring for a child or a pet Tools Correct Answer: Considered those objects that are not disposable and are reusable Materials Correct Answer: Objects that may need to be replenished at the end of an activity or after a certain amount of time Equipment Correct Answer: Instruments or appliances that serve to equip someone to complete an activity; physically larger that the tools and may be considered a machine Properties Correct Answer: An essential quality or distinctive trait of a physical object Space Demands Correct Answer: The type of physical environment typically needed in order to perform the activity 1. Size 2. Arrangement of Objects in Space 3. Surface 4. Lighting 5. Temperature 6. Humidity 7. Noise 8. Ventilation Social Demands Correct Answer: Social rules are the typical norms and expectations of how one should act and communicate when involved in doing the activity Social rules and expectations are shaped and determined by the culture and social environment that the activity takes place in Body Functions Correct Answer: The physiological aspects of the human body such as sensory, mental, neuromuscular, skeletal, and cardiovascular functions Client Factors Correct Answer: The features that reside within the client that influence skill level but do not assure skill level needed to be successful in an activity Organization of the Body Function Categories Correct Answer: 1. Mental functions 2. Sensory and pain 3. Neuromusculoskeletal and movement-related 4. Cardiovascular, hematological, immunological, and respiratory 5. Voice and speech 6. Digestive, metabolic, and endocrine 7. Genitorurinary and reproductive 8. Skin and related structures Performance Skills Correct Answer: Observable, concrete, goal-directed actions that are used to perform meaningful tasks Three Models Used In OT Practice Correct Answer: 1. Ecology of Human Performance 2. The Person Environment Occupational Performance 3. Person Environment Occupation 5 Areas of Performance Skills Correct Answer: 1. Motor and Praxis 2. Sensory-Perceptual 3. Emotional Regulation 4. Cognitive 5. Communication/Social Motor Skills Correct Answer: Includes planning, sequencing, and executing new and novel movements Praxis Correct Answer: Ability to carry out learned motor activity, including following through on a verbal command, visual-spatial construction, ocular and oral-motor skills, imitation of a person or an object, and sequencing actions (aka motor planning) Sensory-Perceptual Correct Answer: Understanding and perceiving the sensory information we receive from our surrounding environments Emotional Regulation Correct Answer: A psychological or mental response to internal or external events Cognitive Skills Correct Answer: Allows us to plan and manage our way through the steps of an activity and respond to changes in our environment as they occur Communication Skills Correct Answer: Speech, gestures, facial expressions, written word and creative arts Social Skills Correct Answer: The behaviors we exhibit when interacting with others Physical Context Correct Answer: The external environment that includes all non-human objects and space Social Context Correct Answer: Made up of the people in the client's environments and the expectations of those people or groups Cultural Context Correct Answer: The client's customs, behavior standards, and beliefs Personal Context Correct Answer: Involves aspects of the person that are not health related but are still personal identifiers, such as age, gender, educational level, and socioeconomic status