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TEMA 3 DEL SEGON BLOC DE BIOLOGIA PER A EXAMEN
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apunts de bio per a examen
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Origen de les primeres cel.lules complexes:Eucariotes (domini Eukaria)
L’endosimbiosi actua com a font de novetat evolutiva
Propietats emergents en les cèl·lules complexes
Augmenta la mida ce les cèl·lules
, Procariotes
Arbre filogenètic construït a partir de RNA ribosomal, gen que també te el seu equivalen
en bacteris.
Woese et al. 1977.
,ORGANISMES EUCARIOTES
Cèl·lula eucariota
Cèl·lula procariota
Nucli que protegeix
el material genètic
Orgànuls
especialitzats
, A nivell bioquímic les diferencies entre procariotes i eucariotes es poca,
comparteixen una base comú en l’obtenció d’energia
Característiques comuns a tots els organismes vius
• Utilitzen reaccions redox com a font d’energia (per generar un gradient
de protons a traves de una membrana) i conserven l’energia en forma
de ATP. Aquest mecanisme es universal
• ATP sintasa
• Codi genètic (es universal però amb diferencies entre els diferents
dominis, Bacteria, Archaea i Eukaria)
• Tots els processos es donen en un espai envoltat per una membrana
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