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Samenvatting Principes van marketing

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Dit is een samenvatting van het handboek 'Principes van marketing' van H1 tem H16. H17 niet Hierin zijn de lesnotities en de powerpoint verwerkt. Ook staan er examenvragen per hoofdstuk vermeld.

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  • No
  • H1 tem h16
  • August 25, 2022
  • 174
  • 2022/2023
  • Summary
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Inhoudsopgave
wat is marketing.......................................................................................................................................... 12

het marketingproces...........................................................................................................................................13

stap 1: analyse............................................................................................................................................. 13

visie & missie.......................................................................................................................................................14

marktafbakening.................................................................................................................................................15

doelstellingen......................................................................................................................................................16

analyse op niveau van product en markt...................................................................................................... 17

behoeften, wensen & vraag................................................................................................................................17

marketingaanbod: goederen, diensten & ervaringen........................................................................................17

ruil, transacties & relaties...................................................................................................................................17

markt...................................................................................................................................................................18

marktsysteem & omgevingsinvloeden................................................................................................................18

stap 2: marketingstrategie formuleren......................................................................................................... 19

doelgroep............................................................................................................................................................20

waardepropositie kiezen.....................................................................................................................................20

waarde halen uit klanten....................................................................................................................................20

stap 3: van marketingstrategie naar -tactiek................................................................................................. 21

geïntegreerd marketingprogramma...................................................................................................................21

relatiemanagement............................................................................................................................................22

stap 4: marketing implementeren & evalueren.............................................................................................23

organisatie vd marketingafdeling.......................................................................................................................24

controle...............................................................................................................................................................24

verantwoording & rendement............................................................................................................................25

het veranderde marketinglandschap............................................................................................................ 25

duurzame marketing...........................................................................................................................................26

de onzekere economische omgeving..................................................................................................................26

de online omgeving.............................................................................................................................................26

snelle globalisering.............................................................................................................................................27

de groei van non-profitmarketing.......................................................................................................................27

logica & emotie in marketing....................................................................................................................... 27


1

,omgevingsniveaus....................................................................................................................................... 28

interne analyse vd micro-omgeving.............................................................................................................. 28

1 competentie-analyse........................................................................................................................................29

analyse vd rol van afdelingen (r&d, productie hrm)...........................................................................................29

prestatie-analyse................................................................................................................................................29

de meso-omgeving....................................................................................................................................... 30

klanten................................................................................................................................................................31

leveranciers.........................................................................................................................................................31

tussenhandelaren & tussenpersonen..................................................................................................................32

belangengroepen................................................................................................................................................32

concurrenten.......................................................................................................................................................33
stap 1: de concurrenten van het bedrijf vaststellen.......................................................................................33
stap 2: de doelstellingen van de concurrenten bepalen.................................................................................34
stap 3: de strategieën van de concurrenten vaststellen.................................................................................34
stap 4: de sterke en zwakke punten van de concurrenten inschatten...........................................................34
stap 5: de reactiepatronen van de concurrenten inschatten.........................................................................35
stap 6: beslissen welke concurrenten je wilt aanvallen/ uit de weg gaan......................................................35

het vijfkrachtenmodel van porter.......................................................................................................................35

de macro-omgeving..................................................................................................................................... 36

de demografische omgeving...............................................................................................................................36

economische omgeving.......................................................................................................................................38

sociaal culturele omgeving.................................................................................................................................38

ecologische omgeving.........................................................................................................................................38

technologische omgeving...................................................................................................................................39

de politiek-juridische omgeving..........................................................................................................................39

andere (plotse) omgevingsfactoren....................................................................................................................39

de noodzaak tot duurzame marketing.......................................................................................................... 40

externe oomgevingsfactoren en duurzaamheid.................................................................................................40

interne (micro-) omgeving en duurzaamheid.....................................................................................................41

ethische dilemma’s en verantwoord bestuur......................................................................................................41

de internationale marketingomgeving.......................................................................................................... 41

de externe omgeving in een internationale context...........................................................................................42
het internationale handelssysteem................................................................................................................42
economische omgeving...................................................................................................................................42
politiek-juridische omgeving...........................................................................................................................43
culturele omgeving..........................................................................................................................................44


2

, de interne omgeving in een internationale context............................................................................................44

marketinginfo en klanteninzicht................................................................................................................... 46

marketinginformatiesysteem, informatiebehoefte & bronnen......................................................................46

marketinginformatiesysteem..............................................................................................................................46

informatiebehoefte bepalen...............................................................................................................................47

bronnen voor marketinginformatie....................................................................................................................47

marktonderzoek.......................................................................................................................................... 48

probleemstelling & onderzoeksdoelstellingen formuleren.................................................................................48

het onderzoeksplan opstellen.............................................................................................................................49

de onderzoeksmethode bepalen.........................................................................................................................49
secundaire info verzamelen middels desk research.......................................................................................49
primaire info verzamelen middels field research...........................................................................................49
kwalitatief onderzoek......................................................................................................................................51
kwantitatief onderzoek...................................................................................................................................51
contactmethoden voor enquêteonderzoek....................................................................................................51
de steekproeftrekking.....................................................................................................................................52
onderzoeksinstrumenten................................................................................................................................53

interpretatie en rapportage................................................................................................................................54

de marktvraag bepalen................................................................................................................................ 55

de potentiële markt.............................................................................................................................................55

de totale marktvraag..........................................................................................................................................55

voorspellen van de toekomstige vraag...............................................................................................................55

specifieke toepassingen van marktonderzoek.............................................................................................. 56

marketinginformatie van klanten analyseren....................................................................................................56

marketinginformatie verspreiden en gebruiken.................................................................................................56

marktonderzoek in kleine bedrijven en non-profitorganisaties..........................................................................56

internationaal marktonderzoek..........................................................................................................................57

regelgeving en ethiek in marktonderzoek..........................................................................................................57

factoren die van invloed zijn op het consumentengedrag.............................................................................58

het stimulus-responsmodel.................................................................................................................................58

culturele factoren................................................................................................................................................58

sociale factoren...................................................................................................................................................59

persoonlijke factoren..........................................................................................................................................60

psychologische factoren......................................................................................................................................61
Motivatie.........................................................................................................................................................61
Perceptie.........................................................................................................................................................62

3

, Leren................................................................................................................................................................62
Overtuigingen en attitudes.............................................................................................................................62

het besluitvormingsproces vd consument.................................................................................................... 63

soorten koopgedrag............................................................................................................................................63

fasen in het koopgedrag.....................................................................................................................................63

klantreis en contactpunten.................................................................................................................................65

besluitvorming bij de aankoop van nieuwe producten..................................................................................65

fasen in het adoptieproces..................................................................................................................................65

verschillen in het adopteren van innovaties.......................................................................................................66

invloed van producteigenschappen op de adoptiesnelheid................................................................................66

businessmarkten.......................................................................................................................................... 67

marktstructuur en vraag.....................................................................................................................................67

de aard van de decision-making unit (DMU)......................................................................................................68

soorten beslissingen en het besluitvormingsproces...........................................................................................68

de digitale omgeving...........................................................................................................................................68

het koopgedrag van organisaties.................................................................................................................. 68

wat zijn de belangrijkste soorten koopsituaties.................................................................................................69

wie neemt deel aan het koopproces van organisaties........................................................................................70

wat zijn de belangrijkste invloeden op bedrijfsinkopen......................................................................................70

hoe komen bedrijfsinkopers tot hun beslissing.............................................................................................71

bedrijfsmatig inkoopproces................................................................................................................................71

e-procurement: kopen via internet.....................................................................................................................71

institutionele en overheidsmarkten............................................................................................................. 72

institutionele markten.........................................................................................................................................72

overheidsmarkten...............................................................................................................................................72

van analyse naar strategie........................................................................................................................... 73

portfolioanalyse........................................................................................................................................... 73

de bedrijfsprotfolio vaststellen en analyseren....................................................................................................73

de bcg-matrix = boston-matrix = marktgroei-/ marktaandeelmatrix................................................................73

de maba-matrix..................................................................................................................................................74

landpotrofolioanalyse.........................................................................................................................................74

problemen met de matrix aanpak......................................................................................................................75

swot-analyse............................................................................................................................................... 75
4

,expansiestrategieën..................................................................................................................................... 77

de ontwikkelingsmatrix van ansoff.....................................................................................................................77

de concentratiestrategieën van porter...............................................................................................................78

de waardestrategieën van treacy en wiersema..................................................................................................78

blue ocean -en red ocean-strategieën................................................................................................................78

business model canvas en value proposition design..........................................................................................79

expansie naar buitenlandse markten.................................................................................................................80

marktpositiestrategieën............................................................................................................................... 81

marktleiderstrategieën.......................................................................................................................................81

uitdagersstrategieën...........................................................................................................................................82

volgersstrategieën..............................................................................................................................................82

nichespelersstrategieën......................................................................................................................................82

marktsegementatie...................................................................................................................................... 83

segmentatiecriteria voor de consumentenmarkt...............................................................................................83
geografische segmentatie...............................................................................................................................83
demografische segmentatie............................................................................................................................83
psychografische segmentatie..........................................................................................................................84
gedragssegmentatie........................................................................................................................................84

segmentatie van businessmarkten.....................................................................................................................84

segmentatie van internationale markten...........................................................................................................84

vereisten voor goede segmentatie......................................................................................................................84

keuze van de doelgroep............................................................................................................................... 85

marktsegmenten beoordelen..............................................................................................................................85

doelgroep selecteren: marktbenaderingsstrategieën.........................................................................................86

sociaal verantwoorde doelgroepmarketing........................................................................................................86

differantiatie en positionering...................................................................................................................... 87

een differentiatie en positioneringsstrategie kiezen...........................................................................................87

mogelijke waardeverschillen en concurrentievoordelen vaststellen (stap 1).....................................................87

de juiste concurrentievoordelen kiezen (stap 2).................................................................................................87

de positioneringsstrategie kiezen en implementeren (stap 3)............................................................................89

gevolgen voor de marketingmix.........................................................................................................................89

product........................................................................................................................................................ 90

wat is een product...............................................................................................................................................90

producten diensten en ervaringen......................................................................................................................90

productniveaus....................................................................................................................................................90

5

, productindelingen...............................................................................................................................................91
duurzaamheid.................................................................................................................................................91
consumentenproducten..................................................................................................................................91
industriële producten......................................................................................................................................91
bijzondere productindelingen: organisaties, personen, plaatsen en ideeën.................................................92

product-en dienstbeslissingen...................................................................................................................... 92

beslissingen over afzonderlijke producten en diensten......................................................................................92
product- en dienstkenmerken.........................................................................................................................92
productfuncties...............................................................................................................................................93
stijl en productontwerp...................................................................................................................................93

merkbeslissingen.................................................................................................................................................93

verpakking...........................................................................................................................................................93

etiketteringsbeslissingen.....................................................................................................................................93

beslissingen over productondersteunende diensten..........................................................................................93

productgroepbeslissingen............................................................................................................................ 93

beslissingen over de lengte van de productgroep..............................................................................................93

beslissingen over het assortiment.......................................................................................................................94

diensten...................................................................................................................................................... 94

kenmerken van diesnten en gevolgen voor de marketing..................................................................................94

marketing van diensten............................................................................................................................... 95

de 3 extra p’s.......................................................................................................................................................95

de winstketen van de dienstverlening................................................................................................................95

zich onderscheiden van de concurrentie.............................................................................................................96

productivitiet beheren.........................................................................................................................................96

sterke merken opbouwen............................................................................................................................ 97

merkwaarde........................................................................................................................................................97

sterke merken opbouwen...................................................................................................................................97

merkbeleid..........................................................................................................................................................99

merken beheren................................................................................................................................................100

de ontwikkeling van nieuwe producten...................................................................................................... 102

het proces van de ontwikkeling van nieuwe producten..............................................................................102

strategie voor nieuwe producten......................................................................................................................103

het genereren van ideeën.................................................................................................................................103

ideeën screenen................................................................................................................................................103

ontwikkeling en testen van het concept...........................................................................................................103

6

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