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PART3 BIOLOGIA ANIMAL PRIMER QUATRIMESTRE

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  • August 25, 2022
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  • 2022/2023
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TEMA 9: ANIMALS
1. CARACTERISTIQUES DELS ANIMALS
- Pluricel·lulars
- Heteròtrofs, consumidors, depenen dels fotoautòtrofs
- Digestió interna; aparell digestiu
- Productes residuals: H2O, CO2, i compostos nitrogenats
- Capacitat de desplaçament actiu, la majoria
- Creixement i dimensions limitats
- Teixits agrupats en òrgans i aquests en sistemes d’òrgans
- Sistema muscular
- Sistema nerviós
- Conducta ( etologia)

2. PRINCIPALS DIFERÈNCIES CEL·LULARS ANIMAL-VEGETAL




Nota: els animals necessiten molts més mitocondris perquè tenen mes mobilitat i per tant
es mouen molt mes.

, 3. GRUP MONOFILÈTIC




4. TEIXITS DELS ANIMALS

1. Teixit epitelial: cobreix les superfícies i cavitats dels cossos
- Escamós si les cel aplanades
- Cúbic si les cel son cubiques
- Columnar si les cel son allargades

2. Teixit conjuntiu: dona suport, protegeix, participa en la formació de la sang,...
- Sòlid: ossi
- Lax: col·lagen i fibres
- Líquid: sang

3. Teixit muscular : facilita el moviment de l’animal per contraccions dels propis músculs.

Tota la cèl·lula esta composta de proteïnes contràctils ( actina i miosina). Es l’únic regne
d’essers vius que tenen teixits contràctils.

- Moviments voluntaris ( musculatura estriada o esquelectic)
- Moviments involuntaris ( musculatura cardíaca )

4. Teixit nerviós: rep els estímuls interns del propi cos o externs i respon a aquests
estímuls. Els nervis cel·lulars s’anomenen neurones.

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