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Summary Reactions and mechanisms of halogenoalkanes
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Halogenoalkane reactions with mechanisms
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MECHANISMSRX with potassium cyanide IKCNI in ethanol
nitrile formation
H H
I 1
C Br
H C
bigger molecule
- - -
H H
y
1 I
H
H
→ it - it Bro
III.important reaction as new C- C bond is formed
a
synthesis
•
nitrile can be converted to carboxylic acid or amine .
•
KCN
in ethanol , reflux
; RX → R -
CN
•
nuc sub
RX with ammonia , sealed tube
primary amine formation
fractional distillation
RX1-2NH , → RNH , t
NH4X µ to seperate .
↳ RX NH4X
} continent
RNH , t NH3 R , NH
%
t → t when
occur amine
primary "
NH4X ?
RX tRzNHztNH , →
Rz N t
NH3 pushes primary to react -1
higher yield
'
excess of Cork for only
•
sealed tube .
↳ higher than RNH r or RzNH2
•
RX → to amine .
cone of NH3
•
nuc sub ↳ first reaction more likely .
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