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Beknopte samenvatting van H12 mitosis
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Deze samenvatting bevat hoofdstuk 12 uit het handboek. Het is een korte samenvatting van de processen van de mitose met de verschillende fases en de celcyclus.
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H12. MitosisInhoudsopgave
Verdeling chromosomen ................................................................................................................................ 2
Celcyclus ........................................................................................................................................................ 2
Binaire splitsing .............................................................................................................................................. 4
, Verdeling chromosomen
1: interfase = duplicatie ter preparatie van celdeling
2: mitose = gekopierd en naar buitenkant gebracht
3: cytokinese = cel splits in 2 dochtercellen
Figure 12.5_3
1 Chromosomes Chromosomal
DNA molecules
Centromere
Chromosome
arm
Chromosome duplication
2
Sister
chromatids
Separation of sister
chromatids
3 Celcyclus
Figure 12.6
© 2018 Pearson Education Ltd.
S
G1
(DNA synthesis)
s
si
ne
ki G2
is
to
s
Cy
ito
M
• G1: celgroei (door toename cytoplasma)(extra eiwitten, nucleotiden & chromatine komt
© 2018 Pearson Education Ltd.
vrij)
• S: chromosomen verdubbelen
• G2: controle + herstel van het nieuwe DNA (aanmaak histonen -> chromatine te kunnen
spiraliseren)(verdubbeling centriolenpaar)
• G0: rustfase (cellen die niet meer delen) (soms gaan ze toch nog naar G1)
• Mitose: kerndeling
• Cytokinese: cytoplasma deling
, Figure 12.7a
10 µm
G2 of Interphase Prophase Prometaphase
Centrosomes Chromosomes Early mitotic Fragments Nonkinetochore
(with centriole (duplicated, Aster of nuclear
spindle microtubules
pairs) uncondensed) Centromere envelope
Plasma
Nucleolus Two sister chromatids Kinetochore Kinetochore
Nuclear membrane
of one chromosome microtubules
Figure 12.7b envelope
© 2018 Pearson Education Ltd.
10 µm
Metaphase Anaphase Telophase and Cytokinesis
Metaphase Cleavage Nucleolus
plate furrow forming
Daughter
chromosomes
Spindle Nuclear
Centrosome at envelope
one spindle pole forming
© 2018 Pearson Education Ltd.
Profase:
• Chromatine è chromosomen
• Vorming spoelfig. (Trekdraden (=kinetochoren) & steundraden)
• Trekdraden hechten aan centromeer
Metafase:
• Chromosomen -> max. gecondenseerd
• Liggen in evenaarsvlak
Anafase:
• Trekdraden korter
• Zusterchromatiden gescheiden è naar polen
Telofase:
• Spoelfiguur weg
• Chromosomen despiraliseren & decondenseren è chromatinevezels
• Nieuwe kernmembranen & nucleoli
Cytokinese:
• Insnoering cel (ring van actine- & myosinevezels)
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