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Summary 1.2.2 - secondary storage
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GCSE OCR COMPUTER SCIENCE J277 1.2.2 - secondary storage
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Primary storagc refers to the memory areas that the CPU can access quickly. They are mostly volatile (losesdata after power is turned off). E.g. RAM, ROM
Secondaty storage ls non-voLatilc. It is where all data is stored when not in use. E.g. magnetic hard disk
drives, solid state drives, cDs and sD cards. Read/write speeds are much slower compared to primary
storage. ^Je neecl seco^dcryy 5 \-c,\.o.3e ((,Y I o1/1qe-v - le."'^ :fo' a3€ ol dAI h
le.s o,".e( d(+6{
- beco.qse \t r' vro^-volqkle
tlq!3dc8u.Sp ---+ e 1. H DDs.
r This is a type of secondary storage which reads/writes/moves across the medium and changes how
magnetised that part of the medium is. E.g. one level of magnetism will be a t, a second will be a o.
. Hard DiskDrives (HDDS) are used as internal storage in PCs and laptops
o Made up ofa stack of magnetised metal disks spinning
. Data is stored magnetically in small areas called sectors within circular tracks
. read/write heads on a moving arm are used to access sectors on the disk
. Portable HDDs are popular for backing up and transporting large amounts of data
. Although they have moving parts, they are long lasting and reliable. However they can be damaged by
large impacts. fies\ 1, a\iher, f..i1h cctgc^cll1, "e"y ""eliabh,
r E.g. hard disk drives, tape drives 3oocl cor\- (-o-v. S,ze
+ Decent speed
+ Decent reliability
+ Good capacity SSDs
- higher capacity than .... t, , l-\^. Jc^,icq tl'o.t-
+ Good cost for the size - cheaper than SSDs
^\,e
reo'tts['^.l"il'<s deFa
- Lowportability - S\o".o'ccass \it^'^qs *:Uq1-^'
- Low durability te cq.r.se ol-uao^;n1 pcr.,rh.
Solid state
'----
storagb ) e.r\. l^sB,
)
sD &r (cr"c[\.
o This is a type of secondary storage which is made of microchips (switches).The state of the switches
determines if a 1, or o is stored.
. \., Solid State Drives (SSDS) usually are a type of flash memory. No moving parts
. Used for the same purpose as HDDS - internal storage
o Hybrid drives use solid state storage for the OS and programs, and a hard disk for data
o E.g. USB drive, SDcards t \qvY qqicl( fo acce55 dc.'|"^, t\ow P ot-e'"'
+ Good speed hl-
ti3 tt-,Q^3
+ Decent capacity lac cctr+Sr ilr
-tuikd
hrrwrb'ur o{-
+ Good portability V\4S v\o
rq-q.A lw rrle + More durable than HDDS P
o\,rvi
cqcles
Don't need defragmenting
tj r"o",er".)
Good reliability
1[']**,t. quieter than HDD5
--rvr o
n cri iQ
\^roJl, - High cost for the amount of storage
'; :: llTTl;i,l,i,*",Ti lllf,,, *', "
oeliotbl'
frao *,rc,rzi ni PC^"V\)' va-"Y '
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