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A* summary of Topic 2 Religion and social change beliefs in society sociology $10.74
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A* summary of Topic 2 Religion and social change beliefs in society sociology
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A* summary of Topic two social change, beliefs in society clear tables of information Including AO1 AO2 and A03 All relevant sociologists critique Evaluation In elaborated bullet point form

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Document information

  • August 30, 2022
  • 4
  • 2021/2022
  • Summary

Subjects

  • the new christian right
  • principle of hope
  • lib
  • religion as a conservative force
  • religion as a force for change
  • religion and social protest
  • the american civil rights movement
  • marxism religion and change

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  • A/AS Level
  • AQA
  • Sociology
  • Topic 2: social change beliefs in society
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Topic 2: R + social change
R as a conservative force WEBER: R as a force for change
 Traditional defending customs  Protestant ethic + spirit of capitalism
institutions + moral views CALVIN: formed Calvinism a form of Protestantism during the reformation helped bring about major social change such as th emergence of capitalism
upholding traditional beliefs in norther Europe 16/17thc
as to how soc should be - Past soc capitalism consisted of a sense of greed + wealth often spent on the luxury of consumption
organised - Modern capitalism is unique based on the systematic efficient rational pursuit of profit for profits sake
 Functions to conserve/ WEBER: “spirit of capitalism + elective affinity” parallels between Calvinist attitudes + capitalism
preserve to stabilise soc +
maintain status quo Calvinist beliefs
 Predestination: God predetermined which souls would be save (the elect) individuals could not change this
R belief  Divine transcendence: God is beyond this world incomparably greater than any mortal no human being could claim to know his will
 R upholds traditional - Leaving Calvinists to feel an “unprecedented inner loneliness”
conservative beliefs about - When combined with the doctrine of predestination this created salvation panic
moral issues opposing  Asceticism: Refers to abstinence, self-discipline + self-denial
changes that would allow - Monks led this existence refraining from luxury
more personal freedom +  Idea of vocation/calling: Post Calvinism = “other worldly asceticism” renouncing everyday life to be devout to R
choice - Calvinism = “this worldly asceticism’ bible interpretation shifted gods plan of humanity derived from the bible revealing Calvinists were put on
 R upholds “family values” the earth to glorify god’s name by work
favour traditional patriarchal 1) Wealth + success preformed psychological functions for Calvinists their growing wealth relived salvation panic as they believed they were in
domestic divisions of labour god’s favour
 Marriage ceremony of church 2) Driven by their work ethic they systematically + methodically accumulated wealth by the most efficient + rational means possible by not
of England 1602 bride vows to permitting themselves to spend luxuries they reinvested into their business “spirit of modern capitalism”
“love honour + obey” groom
“love + honour Hinduism
 India = materially more advanced than Europe but capitalism did not progress due to lack of R belief
R functions - Hinduism favoured renunciation of material world, yet its orientation was other worldly
 Functions to conserve/ - It directed its followers concerns away from the material world to the spiritual world
preserve to stabilise soc + © KAUTSKY: WEBBER overestimates the role of ideas + underestimates economic factors
maintain status quo © TAWNEY: Technological change
FUNC- R + consensus
MARX – R + capitalism
FEM – R + patriarchy

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