Metabolisme wordt geregeld om balans en zuinigheid te bevorderen
—>dynamische steady state behouden
2 Thermodynamische basisprincipes van de Bio-energetica
Biologische energieomzettingen gehoorzamen de wetten van de thermodynamica
Basisbegrippen en terminologie
Geïsoleerd sys Noch E, noch materie uitwisselen + omgeving
Gesloten sys Wel E, geen materie
Open sys E & materie (= elk biologisch sys, levend organisme; chemische brandsto en & zonlicht)
, woensdag 13 april 2022
Activated carrier Group carried in high-energy linkage
ATP fosfaat
NADH, NADPH, FADH2 e- en hydrogens
Acetyl CoA Acetyl groep
Carboxylated biotin Carboxyl groep
S-Adenosylmethionine Methyl groep
Uridine diphosphate glucose Glucose
1e wet Thermodynamica
E enkel ene vorm na andere vorm omgezet
E niet geschapen & niet vernietigd
2e wet Thermodynamica
Wanorde universum/ elk gesloten sys neemt enkel toe
OF
Sys veranderen spontaan -> waarschijnlijkste schikking
OF
Sys evolueren spontaan -> schikking : grootste entropie
= hoeveelheid wanorde in sys
Gibbs vrije energie = G
-bevat enthalpieterm H & entropieterm S (= graad wanorde)
G= H-T S (T = absolute temp)
= vrije E beschikbaar vo verrichten nuttige arbeid
-H hoog -> binding = energierijk
-spontane processen : vermindering bruikbare E : G < 0 vb vrijstelling warmte + wanorde
-Emoleculen—>vibraties, rotaties & translaties—>bindingsE ==> mechanische/chemischeW
G= H -T S (niets te maken = vreactie, enkel (on)gunstig)
H enthalpie = warmte-inhoud: hoog? => Erijke bindingen => veel warmte nodig verbreken
S entropie Positief? => G daalt => reactie gaat beter op
Energetisch gunstige reactie (spontaan) = daling vrije E, daling E beschikbaar vo W
! G = enthalpie- & entropieterm : balans beide overwegen vo iets te zeggen over
spontaniteit reactie
Oplossen NaCl = endotherme reactie
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