Summary
Samenvatting VOLLEDIG IA SAMENGEVAT (alle voorbereidende leerstof + HCs + WCs + PR)
- Course
- Institution
ALLE leerstof van IA samengevat. Extreem pijnlijk geweest om te maken. Don't try this at home kids.
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
PoekieDeBaas
Reviews received
Content preview
IA samenvatting, maar beterInhoud
Algemeen ................................................................................................................................................ 4
Soorten agentia ................................................................................................................................... 4
Vormen van symbiose......................................................................................................................... 4
Postulaten van Koch ........................................................................................................................... 4
Bacteriën ................................................................................................................................................. 5
Structuur ............................................................................................................................................. 5
Membranen/buitenkant ................................................................................................................. 5
Cytoplasma...................................................................................................................................... 5
Voortbeweging................................................................................................................................ 6
Sterilisatie ....................................................................................................................................... 6
Pathogene bacteriën ....................................................................................................................... 8
Aanhechting en binnentreding ....................................................................................................... 8
Virulentie factoren .......................................................................................................................... 9
Verspreiding binnen de gastheer .................................................................................................... 9
Antibacteriële middelen ................................................................................................................... 10
Diagnose............................................................................................................................................ 11
Verspreiding ...................................................................................................................................... 12
Schimmels ............................................................................................................................................. 13
Hyfae ................................................................................................................................................. 13
Groei, reproductie en kolonie formatie ............................................................................................ 13
Soorten schimmels............................................................................................................................ 14
Chytridiomycota ............................................................................................................................ 14
Zygomycote ................................................................................................................................... 14
Asocymycota ................................................................................................................................. 15
Basidiomycota ............................................................................................................................... 15
Diagnose............................................................................................................................................ 15
Antischimmelmiddelen ..................................................................................................................... 17
Sterilisatie ......................................................................................................................................... 17
Virussen................................................................................................................................................. 18
Structuur ........................................................................................................................................... 18
Classificatie ....................................................................................................................................... 18
Levenscyclus...................................................................................................................................... 18
1
, Replicatie....................................................................................................................................... 19
Assemblage ................................................................................................................................... 19
Mechanismen van virale infectie ...................................................................................................... 20
Luchtwegen ................................................................................................................................... 20
GI ................................................................................................................................................... 20
Huid ............................................................................................................................................... 20
CNS ................................................................................................................................................ 20
Virale infectie van het hemopoëtische systeem ........................................................................... 21
Virale infectie van de foetus ......................................................................................................... 21
Andere routes ............................................................................................................................... 21
Tropisme en gastheerspecificiteit ................................................................................................. 21
Mechanismen voor interne virale verspreiding ............................................................................ 22
Virus interacties met endotheel ................................................................................................... 23
Verspreiding via zenuwen ............................................................................................................. 23
Antivirale middelen ........................................................................................................................... 24
Parasieten ............................................................................................................................................. 25
Geleedpotigen................................................................................................................................... 25
Protozoa ............................................................................................................................................ 25
Classificatie.................................................................................................................................... 25
Voeding ......................................................................................................................................... 25
Transmissie ................................................................................................................................... 25
Reproductie................................................................................................................................... 26
Soorten.......................................................................................................................................... 26
Helminthen ....................................................................................................................................... 27
Immuniteit .................................................................................................................................... 27
Cestoda ......................................................................................................................................... 27
Trematoda..................................................................................................................................... 28
Nematoden ................................................................................................................................... 29
Immuunsysteem ontwijking.............................................................................................................. 31
Anti parasitaire middelen ................................................................................................................. 31
Immuunsysteem ................................................................................................................................... 33
Sensor cellen ..................................................................................................................................... 34
Specifieke afweer .............................................................................................................................. 34
Secundaire lymfoïde organen ....................................................................................................... 35
Lymfocyten.................................................................................................................................... 36
T-helper cellen .................................................................................................................................. 38
2
,Aspecifieke afweer ............................................................................................................................ 44
Het complement systeem ............................................................................................................. 45
Vrije antilichamen ......................................................................................................................... 45
Patroonherkenning door aspecifieke afweercellen ...................................................................... 46
Fagocyten ...................................................................................................................................... 46
Ontstekingsreactie ........................................................................................................................ 46
ILCs ................................................................................................................................................ 47
Immuun helpende farmaca............................................................................................................... 47
Auto-immuniteit ............................................................................................................................... 47
Maternale immuniteit & het foetale immuunsysteem .................................................................... 48
Het falen van het immuunsysteem ................................................................................................... 50
Ontwijking ..................................................................................................................................... 50
Het ontwijken van cytotoxische T lymfocyten .............................................................................. 50
Voorkomen van lyse door NK cellen ............................................................................................. 50
Interferentie met apoptose .......................................................................................................... 50
Vaccineren ........................................................................................................................................ 51
3
, Algemeen
Soorten agentia
Archaea veroorzaken nooit met ziektes in gedomesticeerde dieren.
• Prionen (= verkeerd gevouwen eiwitten die andere eiwitten verkeerd laten vouwen;
genetische aanleg) zijn niet zichtbaar te maken → eigenlijk alleen in gel zichtbaar
• Virussen zijn 10-8 m groot → met EM zichtbaar
• Bacteriën → 10-6 LM (ricketssiae en chlamydiae kunnen alleen in vitro repliceren)
• Schimmels →10-6 lm (sommige geven toxines af, of infiltreren weefsel → schade bij dier)
• Bepaalde parasieten zijn ook zichtbaar met het blote oog.
• Algen → vaak als plantachtig beschouwt omdat ze chlorofyl hebben. Bij hoge alg-
concentraties kunnen dusdanig hoge toxine concentraties komen die van gevaar zijn voor
dieren.
Bacteriofaag is een virus dat alleen bacteriën infecteert
Vormen van symbiose
Commensalisme → bescherming en voedsel (één profiteert) geen schade aan gastheer
Mutualisme → beide profiteren, geen schade aan gastheer.
Parasitisme → één lijdt, de ander profiteert -alleen de parasiet. Schade aan de gastheer.
Transmissie routes: oraal; dermaal (contact); aerosolen; directe inoculatie (injectie, trauma,
bijten/steken); transplacentaal.
Postulaten van Koch
1. Het micro-organisme moet aanwezig zijn in elk geval van de ziekte
2. Het verdachte micro-organisme moeten kunnen worden geïsoleerd en gegroeid als een
reincultuur
3. Inoculatie van het geïsoleerde micro-organisme in een gezonde gastheer geeft dezelfde
ziekte
4. Hetzelfde micro-organisme moet opnieuw uit de experimenteel geïnfecteerde gastheer
worden geïsoleerd in een reincultuur
Koch geldt niet voor alle agentia (denk aan prionen en virussen; postulaten van Koch zijn gemaakt
voordat virussen ontdekt werden).
4
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller PoekieDeBaas. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $7.93. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
48298 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 15 years now