Summary
Full Private Law 372 Summary (Contract Law)
- Course
- Institution
A full and comprehensive summary of all work covered in Contracts 372.
[Show more]
2 reviews
By: tylacoetzee12 • 4 months ago
By: kylewillemse • 1 year ago
Seller
Follow
kaylalivesey
Reviews received
Content preview
1Contents
1) The notion of contract ................................................................................................................ 6
Contract as an agreement to create enforceable obligations: ....................................................... 6
Agreement ................................................................................................................................ 7
Contract as a subset of the law of obligations ........................................................................... 11
Features of obligations ........................................................................................................... 11
Sources of obligations ............................................................................................................ 16
Development and sources of SA contract law ............................................................................... 20
Statutory law and the impact of the Constitution ...................................................................... 21
1) Statutory law of contract: not codified............................................................................. 21
2) Constitution ...................................................................................................................... 21
3) Customary law ................................................................................................................. 24
Underlying constitutional values of law of contract ...................................................................... 25
Bredenkamp v Standard Bank 2010 (SCA) (prescr) ................................................................. 26
Relationship between common law rules of contract and CPA..................................................... 28
CPA: purpose and interpretation: .............................................................................................. 28
Consensus = offer and acceptance ................................................................................................. 32
1) Making of the offer: ............................................................................................................. 32
Requirements of a valid offer: ............................................................................................... 32
Offer for reward ..................................................................................................................... 38
Termination of an offer: ......................................................................................................... 39
2) Acceptance of the offer: ....................................................................................................... 39
3) Breaking off negotiations ..................................................................................................... 44
4) Pacta de contrahendo .......................................................................................................... 46
1) Option contracts ............................................................................................................... 46
2) Preference contracts ......................................................................................................... 49
Contractual liability where there is no consensus: ......................................................................... 57
a) Mistake/ absence of consensus: ........................................................................................... 57
, 2
1) Material v non-material mistake ...................................................................................... 57
2) Relevant v irrelevant mistakes ......................................................................................... 65
3) Unilateral, common, and mutual mistake ........................................................................ 65
b) Liability in the absence of consensus: .................................................................................. 73
Theories of contractual liability: ............................................................................................ 73
Relationship between 2 approaches and 3 theories in practice .............................................. 76
Saambou-Nasionale Bouvereniging v Friedman 1979 SCA (prescr): ................................... 76
Doctrines that establish objective liability: ............................................................................ 77
c) Liability ito Consumer Protection Act ................................................................................. 89
Improperly obtained consensus: .................................................................................................... 91
Misrepresentation....................................................................................................................... 93
What are misrepresentations? ................................................................................................ 94
Remedies for misrepresentation: ......................................................................................... 100
Aedilitian remedies/ actions: ............................................................................................... 111
Statutory remedies: Consumer Protection Act..................................................................... 112
Misrepresentation as a defence: ........................................................................................... 113
Excluding liability for misrepresentation ............................................................................ 114
Duress: ..................................................................................................................................... 117
Modern requirements of duress: .......................................................................................... 118
Undue influence ....................................................................................................................... 126
Requirements: ...................................................................................................................... 126
Remedies:............................................................................................................................. 126
Origins: ................................................................................................................................ 128
Preller v Jordaan 1956 (A): .................................................................................................. 128
Commercial bribery: ................................................................................................................ 130
Plaaslike Boerderdienste v Chemfos 1986 AD: .................................................................. 131
Extel Industrial v Crown Mills (prescr): .............................................................................. 131
Further grounds for improperly obtained consent? .................................................................. 131
, 3
Values guiding the development of the common law on improperly obtained consent ...... 131
Unrecognised grounds: abuse of circumstances ...................................................................... 133
Beadica 231 CC v Trustees, Oregon Trust 2020 (5) SA 247 (CC) prescr .......................... 134
Contractual capacity .................................................................................................................... 136
Factors influencing lack of capacity ........................................................................................ 136
Persons with full contractual capacity ..................................................................................... 138
Formalities: .................................................................................................................................. 140
Formalities in electronic contracts: .......................................................................................... 141
Spring Forest Trading CC v Wilberry Ecowash 2015 SCA: .............................................. 142
Sources of formalities: ............................................................................................................. 144
1) Statutory formalities: ..................................................................................................... 144
2) Self-imposed formalities ................................................................................................ 152
Remedies:............................................................................................................................. 163
Requirements for validity of a contract ....................................................................................... 169
Possibility as a requirement for a valid contract ...................................................................... 169
initial impossibility, not supervening or making impossible through fault ......................... 169
Objective, not subjective impossibility:............................................................................... 170
Exceptions: liability despite impossibility ........................................................................... 171
Consequences of impossibilitiy ........................................................................................... 172
Certainty as a requirement for a valid contract: ....................................................................... 174
practical examples of how the rule works: .......................................................................... 175
consequences of uncertainty: ............................................................................................... 182
Legality .................................................................................................................................... 183
Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 183
Statutory illegality: .............................................................................................................. 183
Common law illegality: ....................................................................................................... 184
Specific examples of illegal contracts that are void ............................................................ 188
Contacts void for infringing public policy ........................................................................... 188
, 4
The consequences of illegality: ............................................................................................ 204
2) The content and operation of a contract ................................................................................. 209
Parties to a contract .................................................................................................................. 209
Multiplicity of parties .......................................................................................................... 209
Contracts and third parties ................................................................................................... 216
What must be performed? ........................................................................................................ 228
Obligations created by a contract ......................................................................................... 228
Types of terms in a contract ................................................................................................. 232
Proof and interpretation of terms: ........................................................................................ 255
Breach of contract .................................................................................................................... 263
Types of breach .................................................................................................................... 263
malperformance ................................................................................................................... 264
Anticipatory breach of contract ........................................................................................... 290
Breach of contract by the creditor ........................................................................................ 301
Remedies available for breach: ............................................................................................ 311
Transfer of obligations ................................................................................................................. 370
Cession ..................................................................................................................................... 370
Requirements: ...................................................................................................................... 370
Consequences of cession ..................................................................................................... 373
Termination of obligations........................................................................................................... 378
Termination by performance ................................................................................................... 378
Termination by agreement ....................................................................................................... 379
Termination by novation .......................................................................................................... 379
Termination by compromise/settlement .................................................................................. 380
Be Bop A Lula Manufacturing & Printing v Kingtex Marketing (Pty) Ltd 2008 (SCA)
prescr: ............................................................................................................................. 380
Termination by unilaterally exercising right of termination .................................................... 384
Termination of obligations by operation of law ...................................................................... 385
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller kaylalivesey. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $4.03. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
83225 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now