Module 2 Exam
1. Specific parts of the Gastrointestinal tract include the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small
intestine, large intestine and rectum. Other organs such as the liver, gallbladder and pancreas aid in
digestion but are not considered part of the digestive process and considered accessory organs..
-2.0 points
Answer Key
Specific parts of the
GI tract
include the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine and rectum. Other organs
such as the liver, gallbladder and pancreas aid in digestion but are not considered part of the
GI tract
2. Explain the symptoms of diverticulosis.
Weakened areas of the large intestine that develop small pouches that push out of the weakened
areas. Happens naturally as we age. Considered non-problematic.
Becomes a problem when food gets stuck in the pouches and become inflammed and/or infected.
When this occurs it is known as divirticulitis.
Answer Key
Explain the symptoms of diverticulosis.
Diverticulosis is weak spots in the colon that results in the formation of small pouches. When
inflamed the pouches are referred to as diverticulitis.
3. Sphincters play an important role in the GI tract.
Name two sphincters discussed in the module and using your own words, briefly describe their
functions.
T
, Nutriti on Portage Online Summer
esophageal sphincter - valve/circular muscle located at the end of the esophagus and beginning of
the stomach. Acts as a gate keeper and prevents anything that has moved from the esophagus into
the stomach, from coming back into the esophagus. This is important because the stomach is very
acidic and if any contents from the stomach go back into the esophagus, the lining of the esophagus
could get burned from the acid.
ileocecal sphincter - valve/circular muscle located at the end of the small intestine and beginning of
the large intestine. Acts as a gate keeper and prevents anything that has moved from the small
intestine into the large intestine, from coming back into the small intestine. This is important because
we do not want any matter formed in the large intestine (feces) to go back into the small intestine
and contaminate it. It is also important to keep most of the material in the small intestine before
entering the large intestine so many nutrients can be absorbed and proper digestion and absorption
can occur.
Answer Key
Sphincters play an important role in the GI tract.
Name two sphincters discussed in the module and using your own words, briefly describe their
functions.
The esophageal sphincter prevents the contents of the stomach from reentering the esophagus. The
pyloric sphincter controls the release of chyme into the small intestines from the stomach. The
ileocecal sphincter prevents the contents of the large intestine from entering the small intestine.
4. Name the 4 organs that are not part of the GI tract but aid in digestion.
1. Salivary glands
2. Liver
3. Gallbladder
4. Pancreas
All considered accessory organs because they secrete enzymes and hormones that contribute to the
digestion and elimination process.
T
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