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samenvatting hoofdstuk 17 biologie
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dit is de samenvatting van nectar hoofdtuk 17
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Biologie moleculaire geneticaDNA bevindt zich in het kernplasma om histone
In je cel zitten 46 chromosomen in 23 paren hierin zit het DNA
•
, gewikkeld
.
opbouw Nucleotiden
i
◦
÷
1 .
desoxyribose
fosfaat
.eu/inethymine-cgtosine
2
stikstof base ( AÄ
.
3 .
guanine )
Nucleotiden vormen paren via
-
basen .
tegenover elkaar
2e worden door
DNA-polymerase gekoppeld naast elkaar
B groei cellen hiervoor
en
verwonding z n nieuwe
nodig .
nodig
1. ontbinden dubbele helix hdicase knipt de H .
-
bruggen tu
bindt nieuwe base ( 3 > 5 )
DNA-Polymerase
' '
2. -
De leidende
streng
gaat in 1 ×
•
•
De
volgende streng bestaat uit okazi -
fragmenten ligase ,
ko
DNA -
isoleren
1. openbreken van de cel
2. verw deren van het icase
b. U Protease m .
.
3.
verw deren van RNA m b. u RNA ase . .
en neerslaan van het DNA
4.
Centrifugeren
DNA knippen ; restrictie-enzymen knippen door de strengen
eigen volgorde en knipt in het DNA op z'n eigen manier .
DNA kopiëren
PCR (polymerase Chain reaction ) .
1. denural.ie
b splitsen 95°C ,
DNA-strengen
het binden primars op de
2.
annealing b 55°C ,
uiteinde
3.
elongatie b 72°C DNA replicatie door Taq
,
- -
polymerase
DNA scheiden
-0
; m .
b. v
gelelektroforese
IN
→
langzaam ,
dus snel
even snel dus groot
-
→ ,
even
-
-
het snelst dus het kleinste
-
→
.
⑤
DNA
sequencing
◦
dideoxg nucleotiden heeft één enkele H i.p.v OH
groep Dit
zorg
-
.
,
replicatie reactie meteen stopt
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