NCLEX RN EXAM 2022 TEST BANK 900 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
NCLEXRN-01-001
Question Tag: hypertension
Question Category: Physiological Integrity, Reduction of Risk Potential Which individual is at greatest risk for developing hypertension?
A. 45-year-old African-American attorney
B. 60-year-old A...
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NCLEX RN EXAM
2022 TEST BANK
900 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
David.jamin19@gmail.com
[Date]
,NCLEX RN EXAM 2022 TEST BANK 900 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
NCLEXRN-01-001
Question Tag: hypertension
Question Category: Physiological Integrity, Reduction of Risk
PotentialWhich individual is at greatest risk for developing
hypertension?
A. 45-year-old African-American attorney
B. 60-year-old Asian-American shop owner
C. 40-year-old Caucasian nurse
D. 55-year-old Hispanic teacher
Correct Answer: A: 45-year-old African American attorney
Option A: African-Americans develop high blood pressure at younger ages than other
groups in the US. Researchers have uncovered that African-Americans respond
differentlyto hypertensive drugs than other groups of people. They are also found out to
be more
sensitive to salt, which increases the risk of developing hypertension.
Option B: The incidence of hypertension in Asian-Americans does not appear to be
significantly higher than the general population, according to limited US data.
Option C: The racial disparity in hypertension and hypertension-related outcomes has
beenrecognized for decades with African-Americans with greater risks than Caucasians.
Option D: Hypertension prevalence rates in Hispanics may vary by gender and country
oforigin. Hispanic Americans overall have relatively low levels of hypertension, despite
elevated levels of diabetes and obesity.
A 15-year-old female who ingested 15 tablets of maximum strength acetaminophen 45 minutes
ago is rushed to the emergency department. Which of these orders should the nurse do first?
A. Gastric lavage
B. Administer acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) orally
C. Start an IV Dextrose 5% with 0.33% normal saline to keep the vein open
, D. Have the patient drink activated charcoal mixed with water
Correct Answer: A. Gastric lavage
Option A: Acetaminophen overdose is extremely toxic to the liver causing hepatotoxicity.
Early symptoms of hepatic damage include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea.
If not treated immediately, hepatic necrosis occurs and may lead to death. Removing as
much of the drug as possible is the first step in treatment for acetaminophen overdose, this
is best done through gastric lavage. Gastric lavage (irrigation) and aspiration consist of
flushing the stomach with fluids and then aspirating the fluid back out. This procedure is
done in life-threatening cases such as acetaminophen toxicity and only if less than one (1)
hour has occurred after ingestion.
Option B: The oral formulation of acetylcysteine is the drug of choice for the treatment of
acetaminophen overdose but should be done after GI decontamination with activated
charcoal. Liver damage is minimized by giving acetylcysteine (Mucomyst), the antidote
foracetaminophen. Acetylcysteine reduces injury by substituting for depleted glutathione
in
the reaction that converts the toxic metabolite of acetaminophen to its nontoxic form.
When given within 8 hours of acetaminophen toxicity, acetylcysteine is effective in
preventing severe liver injury. It is administered orally or intravenously.
Option C: Intermittent IV infusion with Dextrose 5% may be considered for late-presenting
or chronic ingestion.
Option D: Oral activated charcoal (AC) avidly adsorbs acetaminophen and may be
administered if the patient presents within 1 hour after ingesting a potentially toxic
dose.
Charcoal should not be administered immediately before or with antidotes since it
caneffectively adsorb it and neutralize the benefits.
NCLEXRN-01-003
Question Tag: cardiac catheterization
Question Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment, Management of Care
Which complication of cardiac catheterization should the nurse monitor for in the initial 24
hoursafter the procedure?
A. Angina at rest
B. Thrombus formation
C. Dizziness
D. Falling blood pressure
Correct Answer: B. Thrombus formation
, A thrombus formation may prevent blood from flowing normally through the circulatory
system,which may become an embolism, and block the flow of blood towards major organs in
the body.
Option A: The reported incidence of myocardial infarction with angina at rest is less
than0.1%, and is mostly influenced by patient-related factors like the extent and severity
of
underlying cardiovascular-related diseases and technique-related factors.
Options C & D: A falling BP and dizziness occur along with hemorrhage of the
insertionsite which is associated with the first 12 hours after the procedure.
NCLEXRN-01-004
Question Tag: renal calculi, flank pain
Question Category: Physiological Integrity, Basic Care and Comfort
A client is admitted to the emergency room with renal calculi and is complaining of moderate
tosevere flank pain and nausea. The client’s temperature is 100.8 degrees Fahrenheit. The
priority nursing goal for this client is:
A. Maintain fluid and electrolyte balance
B. Control nausea
C. Manage pain
D. Prevent urinary tract infection
Correct Answer: C. Manage pain
Managing pain is always a priority because it ultimately improves the quality of life. The
cornerstone of ureteral colic management is analgesia, which can be achieved most expediently
with parenteral narcotics or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
Option A: IV hydration in the setting of acute renal colic is controversial. Whereas
someauthorities believe that IV fluids hasten the passage of the stone through the
urogenital
system, others express concern that additional hydrostatic pressure exacerbates the pain of
renal colic.
Option B: Because nausea and vomiting frequently accompany acute renal colic,
antiemetics often play a role in renal colic therapy. Several antiemetics have a
sedatingeffect that is often helpful.
Option D: Overuse of the more effective antibiotic agents leaves only highly resistant
bacteria, but failure to adequately treat a UTI complicated by an obstructing calculus
canresult in potentially life-threatening urosepsis and pyonephrosis.
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