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Essay Introduction to Statistical Methods for Data Analysis GZW1026
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GZW1026: Introduction to statistical methods for data analysisFinal team assignment
Seminar teacher: …
Study team number: …
Student (…) and contribution: …
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, Question 1 Translate the research questions (provided to you) into formal statistical
hypotheses, preferably in terms of population parameters. Explain why you have formulated
the hypotheses in this way.
1. Is there an effect of gender on the alcohol consumption in adolescents?
H0: μ (AC adolescent males) = μ (AC adolescent females)
HA: μ (AC adolescent males) ≠ μ (AC adolescent females)
μ (AC adolescent males) represents the average alcohol consumption for adolescent males. μ (AC adolescent
females) represents the average alcohol consumption for adolescent females. These averages
represent the averages of the two populations, which is why the “μ” sign is used. The above
null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis were formulated for the first research question
because you want to examine if there is a difference in the alcohol consumption between
males and females. The null hypothesis is the status quo hypothesis, meaning there is no
difference. So, the alcohol consumption of adolescent males is equal to the alcohol
consumption of adolescent females. The alternative hypothesis is the research hypothesis
which assumes that an effect does occur on the alcohol consumption between adolescent
males and adolescent females. This effect can be either positive or negative and therefore, this
alternative hypothesis is two sided.
2. Is there an effect of gender on the alcohol consumption in adults?
H0: μ (AC adult males) = μ (AC adult females)
HA: μ (AC adult males) ≠ μ (AC adult females)
μ (AC adult males) represents the average alcohol consumption for adult males. μ (AC adult females)
represents the average alcohol consumption for adult females. These averages represent the
averages of the two populations, which is why the “μ” sign is used. The above null hypothesis
and alternative hypothesis were formulated for the second research question because you want
to examine if there is a difference in the alcohol consumption between adult males and
females. The null hypothesis is the status quo hypothesis, meaning there is no difference. So,
the alcohol consumption of adult males is equal to the alcohol consumption of adult females.
The alternative hypothesis is the research hypothesis which assumes that an effect does occur
for the alcohol consumption between adult males and adult females. This effect can be either
positive or negative and therefore, this alternative hypothesis is two sided.
3. Is there a gender difference in risky drinking behavior among adolescents?
H0: π (Risky drinking behavior adolescent males) = π (Risky drinking behavior adolescent females)
HA: π (Risky drinking behavior adolescent males) ≠ π (Risky drinking behavior adolescent females)
π (Risky drinking behavior adolescent males) represents the risky drinking behavior of adolescent males. π (Risky
drinking behavior adolescent females) represents the risky drinking behavior of adolescent females. These
hypotheses are about the odds of the two populations to exhibit risky drinking behavior,
which is why the “π” sign is used. The above null hypothesis and alternative hypotheses were
formulated for the third research question because you want to examine if there is a difference
in the risky drinking behavior between adolescent males and females. The null hypothesis is
the status quo hypothesis, meaning there is no difference. So, the risky drinking behavior of
adolescent males is equal to the risky drinking behavior of adolescent females. The alternative
hypothesis is the research hypothesis which assumes that an effect does occur in risky
drinking behavior between adolescent males and adolescent females. This effect can be either
positive or negative and therefore, this alternative hypothesis is two sided.
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