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Summary School- and Family-Based Prevention - Toegepaste Psychologie

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In this document, you will find my summary of the course School- and Family-Based Prevention. This course is taught in the Applied Psychology study (phase 3) at Thomas More University. The summary is based on the lessons and slides. I attended every lesson. Based on this summary, I achieved an 18/2...

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  • September 21, 2022
  • 62
  • 2021/2022
  • Summary
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Evaluatie: schriftelijk examen met open vragen (3 casussen waar vragen over gesteld worden)



Thema 1: theoretical principals and framework

1. Definition

Prevention is more than stopping a problem from ever occurring

Prevention is also:

- Delaying the oneset of a problem behavior, especially for those at-risk for the problem

- Reducing the impact of a problem behavior (bv. gedrag aanleren aan een kind met ADHD)

- Strengthening knowledge, attitudes and behaviors that promote emotional and psysical well-being
(ook focussen op de positieve dingen)

- Promoting institutional, community and government policies that further psysical, social and
emotional well-being of the larger community (bv. sigaretten duur verkopen, niet roken in een café)



2. Why?

- Demonstrated to be an effective way to reduce psychological distress and enhance human
functioning

- Reduces the costs of mental health care (bv. gezond eten kost minder dan opgenomen worden in
het ziekenhuis voor obesitas)

- Early and focused preventive interventions can limit the length and severity of symptoms and
enhance functioning

- Focus on strengths and competencies



3. What does prevention look like?

Preventive activities: information, warning, advise, political actions, campaigns, websites, workshops

Prevention programs: diffrent preventive activities (bv. een spel voor kinderen om gedragsproblemen
te vermijden, oudervaardigheden aanleren)

Multilevel prevention policy: preventive activities and prevention programs together



4. Categorization

Caplan (1964): primary, secondary and tertiary prevention (wordt niet meer veel gebruikt)

Gordon (1987):

- Universal: fort the whole population (also those not at risk)

- Selective: for those at risk (bv. kinderen waarvan de ouders een verslaving hebben)


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,- Indicated: for those experiencing the first signs of problems




General prevention: dit gaat over het algemeen welzijn

Situational prevention: iets veranderen aan de situatie

Person-oriënted prevention: iets veranderen bij de persoon zelf (bv. sociale vaardigheden aanleren)

Indirect prevention (bv. leerkrachten aanleren hoe ze sociaal aanvaardbaar gedrag bij kinderen
moeten promoten)

Direct prevention (bv. kinderen sociaal aanvaardbaar gedrag aanleren)



Prevention pyramid:




Curative measures (bv. een gesprek aangaan met de pester en de gepeste)

Specific prevention measures: het probleem voorkomen (bv. specifieke activiteiten aanbieden die
een rol spelen bij het ontstaan van pesten)

General prevention measures: focussen op het positieve



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,Stimulating the general quality of life: veiligheid aanbieden (bv. goede communicatie tussen kinderen
en leerkrachten)

Society in its social, political and ecological dimension (bv. een beleid tegen pesten)



5. Prevention science

Focus on risk and protective factors (enkel info geven is niet genoeg om gedrag te veranderen)

Using effective methods and suitable practical applications



Onderzoek doen om de juiste methode te kiezen




Wanneer de risicofactoren wordt veranderd (poor parenting skills) aan de hand van een bepaalde
methode (tripple P) heeft dit een positieve invloed op het probleem (behavioral problems)



6. Theoretical framework




Analyse: beschrijf het probleem, krijg zicht op de risico- en protectieve factoren en de interactie
tussen beide (deze kunnen binnen en buiten de persoon liggen)

Select: Past de interventie bij de situatie?


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, Implement: voer de interventie op de juiste manier uit

Evaluate: Is de interventie effectief? Deed de interventie wat het moest doen?



7. Focus on prevention at school and at home

Why prevention on school, home and peer context?

- Make it possible to focus on prevention early in life

- Youngsters spend substantial amount of time in these context



Thema 2: prevention of substance abuse

Theoretical framework:




Analyze the question/problem/need…

Definitions substance abuse:

- Substance abuse refers to the harmful of hazadous use of psychoactive substances, including
alcohol and illicit drugs

- Substance abuse among youngsters refers to frequent and long-term use of drugs and alcohol
despite the problems it causes



Substance-related disorder (DSM-5):

- Substance-induced disorders (door stof veroorzaakte stoornis): mentale en psychische problemen
door het gebruik

- Substance-use disorders (stoornissen in het gebruik van middelen): het gebruik veroorzaakt
beperkingen (bv. blijven gebruiken ook al kom je in een gevaarlijke situatie)




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