OCR A Level Salters\\\' Advanced Chemistry Year 2 Student Book (OCR B)
Detailed, concise and organised revision notes summarising the whole of topic 7 of A level Chemistry OCR B (salters advanced). This topic is polymers and life. This includes polyesters, amides and nylon, hydrolysis of polymers, proteins, enzymes, enzyme inhibitors as medicine, DNA, RNA and spectros...
have the Formula R
contain carboxyl group and general COOH
-
a
-
-
attached to a benzene ring benzoic acid →
-
strong enough acids to react with strong bases to form salts ,
so are phenols but
alcohols can't e.
g. carboxylic acids and phenols can react with NaOH → salt + water
to react with sodium carbonate to form
yet only carboxylic acids are acidic enough
sodium salt and carbon dioxide in an acid base reaction
-
reactions of etharoic acid
-
acid + metal → salt +
hydrogen
-
acid + metal oxide → metal salt + water
-
acid + metal hydroxide → metal salt + water
-
acid + metal carbonate → metal salt + water + carbon dioxide 1solution will Fizz )
-
carboxylic acids , phenols and alcohols can all form salts with metals and the
reaction will be redox instead of acid base -
ESTERS
-
alcohols react with carboxylic acid extremely slowly unless an acid catalyst is present and
it is heated wide reflux
1
hydroxyl)
*
ester link is formed by condensation reaction between
a -
On in the alcohol and the carboxyl
in the acid esterification
group
-
•
reversible reaction which will come to an equilibrium ,
to improve the yield of ester ,
an
excess of alcohol is added or water can be distilled off as it is formed to help to
move equilibrium to the
right
POLYMERS
ADDITION POLYMERISATION
-
1 monomer is often used and no other products expect the polymer are formed
-
formed from alkenes (C c) =
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