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Samenvatting kine bij ouderen SV theorie
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Kine bij ouderenInhoud
Healty aging – Kwetsbaarheid
1. Older people are hot ..................................................................................................................... 12
1.1 Research topic ....................................................................................................................... 12
1.2 Healty aging ........................................................................................................................... 12
WHO .............................................................................................................................................. 12
Geriatrie......................................................................................................................................... 15
2. Kwetsbaarheid ............................................................................................................................... 17
2.1 Modellen kwetsbaarheid....................................................................................................... 18
Fenotype model............................................................................................................................. 18
Cumulatieve model ....................................................................................................................... 19
2.2 Interventies voor kwetsbaarheid .......................................................................................... 20
Sacropenie en fysieke activiteit
1. Sacropenie ..................................................................................................................................... 23
1.1 Fysieke kwetsbaarheid .......................................................................................................... 23
1.2 Richtlijn sacropenie: Belgische Vereninging voor gerontologie en geriatrie ........................ 26
Handknijpkracht – Spierkracht meten........................................................................................... 26
Gangsnelheid – Meten fysieke functionaliteit .............................................................................. 27
Spierkracht – Behandeling............................................................................................................. 28
1.3 Farmacologie ......................................................................................................................... 32
2. Fysieke activiteit ............................................................................................................................ 33
1.4 Fysieke activiteit en oefeningen ............................................................................................ 33
WHO .............................................................................................................................................. 33
2.2 Why should we care? ............................................................................................................ 35
2.3 Belang fysieke activiteit ........................................................................................................ 35
1. Vermindert het risico op algemene mortaliteit .................................................................... 35
2. Vermindert het risico op cardiovasculaire mortaliteit met 57% ........................................... 35
3. Vermindert risico op chronische ziekten............................................................................... 36
4. Speelt een belangrijke rol bij het voorkomen van functionele achteruitgang...................... 36
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, 5. Actieve mensen bouwen meer reserve capaciteit op ........................................................... 37
6. Vermindert valrisico en valgerelateerde verwondingen ....................................................... 37
Korte conclusie .............................................................................................................................. 37
2.4 Fysieke activiteit meten......................................................................................................... 38
Vragenlijsten.................................................................................................................................. 38
Accelerometers ............................................................................................................................. 38
2.5 How should we care? ............................................................................................................ 38
Hoe gaan we ouderen stimuleren om hun FA niveau te doen stijgen? ........................................ 39
Communicatie met ouderen
1. Ageism ........................................................................................................................................... 42
3. Communicatie ............................................................................................................................... 43
2.1 Componenten van communicatie ......................................................................................... 43
Boodschap ..................................................................................................................................... 43
Ontvanger ...................................................................................................................................... 43
Feedback / antwoord .................................................................................................................... 44
2.2 Dementie ............................................................................................................................... 44
Psychogeriatrie
1. Normale veroudering .................................................................................................................... 45
1.1 Anatomische en fysiologische veranderingen....................................................................... 45
1.2 Cognitieve en gedragsmatige veranderingen........................................................................ 45
2.Dementie ............................................................................................................................................ 46
2.1 Klinische kenmerken ............................................................................................................. 48
Belangrijkste gedrags- en psychosociale veranderingen bij dementie ......................................... 49
2.2 Verschillende vormen van dementie .................................................................................... 49
Ziekte van Alzheimer ..................................................................................................................... 50
Lewy body dementie .................................................................................................................... 51
Ziekte van Parkinson ..................................................................................................................... 51
Vasculaire dementie ...................................................................................................................... 53
Frontotemporale dementie ........................................................................................................... 54
2.3 Risicofactoren dementie ....................................................................................................... 54
2.4 Verloop volgens etiologie ...................................................................................................... 55
2.5 Corticale en subcorticale vormen van dementie .................................................................. 55
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, 2.6 Stadia van dementie .............................................................................................................. 57
Global Deterioration Scale ............................................................................................................ 57
Belevingsgerichte zorg................................................................................................................... 57
2.7 Differentiaal diagnose dementie ........................................................................................... 59
MCI ................................................................................................................................................ 59
Delirium ......................................................................................................................................... 60
Depressie bij ouderen ................................................................................................................... 62
2.8 Motoriek en dementie .......................................................................................................... 62
2.9 Pijn en dementie ................................................................................................................... 63
PACSLAC-D ..................................................................................................................................... 63
Doloplus 2 ...................................................................................................................................... 64
PAINAD: pain assessment in advanced dementia ......................................................................... 64
2.10 Behandeling ........................................................................................................................... 64
Medicamenteus ............................................................................................................................. 64
Niet medicamenteus ..................................................................................................................... 64
Kinesitherapeutische interventies................................................................................................. 65
Aanvullende behandeling .............................................................................................................. 66
2.11 Omgaan met personen met dementie .................................................................................. 66
Slaap
1. Slaapdisfunctie .............................................................................................................................. 67
1.1 Internationale classificatie slaapstoornissen ........................................................................ 67
2. Slaappatroon ................................................................................................................................. 68
2.1 Veranderingen slaap op oudere leeftijd................................................................................ 69
4. Aandoeningen slaap ...................................................................................................................... 70
4.1 Slaapapneu ............................................................................................................................ 70
Oorzaken ....................................................................................................................................... 70
Symptomen ................................................................................................................................... 71
Behandeling ................................................................................................................................... 71
3.2 Periodieke beenbewegingen ................................................................................................. 71
3.3 Vervroegde slaapfase syndroom ........................................................................................... 72
3.4 REM slaap gedragsstoornis ................................................................................................... 72
3.5 Medische aandoeningen ....................................................................................................... 72
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, Chronische aandoeningen ............................................................................................................. 72
3.6 Psychiatrische aandoeningen ................................................................................................ 72
3.7 Organisch hersensyndroom .................................................................................................. 72
5. Onderzoek ..................................................................................................................................... 73
Pitssburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) ........................................................................................... 73
6. Behandeling ................................................................................................................................... 75
Slaaphygiëne.................................................................................................................................. 75
Diabetes en vasculaire pathologie
1. Ouderdomsdiabetes (type 2) ........................................................................................................ 76
6.1 Klinische symptomen ............................................................................................................ 76
6.2 Verwikkelingen ...................................................................................................................... 76
Acuut ............................................................................................................................................. 76
Chronisch ....................................................................................................................................... 76
1.3 Therapeutische benaderingen .............................................................................................. 77
Dieet .............................................................................................................................................. 77
Medicatie: regelen bloedsuikerspiegel ......................................................................................... 77
Gewichtsvermindering .................................................................................................................. 77
Bewegen ........................................................................................................................................ 77
2. Vasculaire pathologie ........................................................................................................................ 78
2.1 Veneuze insufficiëntie ........................................................................................................... 78
Symptomen ................................................................................................................................... 78
Behandeling ................................................................................................................................... 78
2.2 Arteriële insufficiëntie: perifeer ............................................................................................ 79
Risicofactoren ................................................................................................................................ 79
Klachten ......................................................................................................................................... 79
Behandeling ................................................................................................................................... 80
Decubitus
1. Voorkomen .................................................................................................................................... 81
1.1 Graden ................................................................................................................................... 81
1.2 Bradenschaal ......................................................................................................................... 81
1.2 Factoren die bijdragen aan het ontstaan .............................................................................. 82
1.3 Preventie ............................................................................................................................... 82
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