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Samenvatting farmacologie anti-emetica labo heelkunde geneeskunde $4.06
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Samenvatting farmacologie anti-emetica labo heelkunde geneeskunde

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In dit document wordt anti-emetica binnen de farmacologie uitgelegd. Als ook de braakreflex, de verschillende soorten anti-emetica...

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  • September 30, 2022
  • 3
  • 2020/2021
  • Summary
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Anti-ematica 16-03-2022
• Mechanisme van de braakreflex
• Soorten anti-emetica
1. dopamine receptor (D2) antagonisten
2. serotonine receptor (5-HT3) antagonisten
3. histamine receptor (H1) antagonisten
4. Neurokinine receptor (NK1) antagonisten

Braakreflex
• braken = emesis
• GM tegen braken = anti-emetica
• braken = gestuurd door braakcentrum (hersenstam)
• Braakcentrum krijgt info van allerlei gebieden uit het lichaam:
- hersenschors (emotionele toestanden: braken)
- evenwichtsorgaan (reisziekte)
- maag- en darmen (via nervus vagus)
- “Chemoreceptor Trigger Zone” (bv. chemotherapeutica, metabole problemen)

Braken wordt gestuurd door braakcentrum en is een stukje in
onze hersennen. Op het moment dat we braken gaat de maag
in de tegengestelde richting samentrekken, zodanig dat de
maaginhoud in de tegengestelde richting wordt gestuurd.
Sluitspier vanslokdarm gaat openen, strottenhoofd gaat
afsluiten zodat er geen maaginhoud in de luchtwegen kan
komen, speekselklieren gaan meer speeksel maken om tanden te beschermen tegen het
zuur  voora al die dingen gaat het braakcentrum zorgen

• Verschillende signaalstoffen (neurotransmitters) spelen
een rol bij het activeren van de braakreflex:
- dopamine
- serotonine (5-HT) GM gaan die
- histamine remmen
- neurokinine-1
- Deze signaalstoffen binden op hun
overeenkomstige receptor (‘sleutel in slot’
systeem):
- dopamine receptor (D2)
- serotonine receptor (5-HT3)
- histamine receptor (H1)
- Neurokinine receptor (NK1)

Anti-ematica
• Om braken te verminderen willen activatie van het
braakcentrum voorkomen
à receptoren die leiden tot activatie van het
braakcentrum blokkeren
à Geneesmiddelen die receptoren blokkeren zijn
antagonisten
1. dopamine receptor (D2) antagonisten
2. serotonine receptor (5-HT3) antagonisten
3. histamine receptor (H1) antagonisten
4. Neurokinine receptor (NK1) antagonisten

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