100% satisfaction guarantee Immediately available after payment Both online and in PDF No strings attached
logo-home
Previously searched by you
Previously searched by you
logo
USMLE STEP 1 Pharmacology 2022 Complete Solution guide. $10.49
Add to cart
Quickly navigate to
Preview
  2.  
  3. USMLE STEP 1 Pharmacology 2022
  4.  
  5. USMLE STEP 1 Pharmacology 2022

Exam (elaborations)

USMLE STEP 1 Pharmacology 2022 Complete Solution guide.
 0 purchase
  • Course
  • USMLE STEP 1 Pharmacology 2022
  • Institution
  • USMLE STEP 1 Pharmacology 2022

USMLE STEP 1 Pharmacology 2022 Complete Solution guide. What are the major functions of the α1 receptor? - Increase vascular smooth muscle contraction, increase pupillary dilator muscle contraction (mydriasis), increase intestinal and bladder sphincter muscle contraction What are the major fu...

[Show more]

Preview 4 out of 86  pages

Document information

  • October 1, 2022
  • 86
  • 2022/2023
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

Subjects

  • usmle step 1 pharmacology 2022 complete solution guide what are the major functions of the α1 receptor increase vascular smooth muscle contraction
  • increase pupillary dilator muscle contraction m

Written for

  • USMLE STEP 1 Pharmacology 2022
All documents for this subject (3)

Seller

avatar-seller
GENERALFRANK3

Reviews received

Content preview

USMLE STEP 1 Pharmacology 2022
Complete Solution guide.
What are the major functions of the α1 receptor?
✅- Increase vascular smooth muscle contraction, increase pupillary dilator muscle contraction
(mydriasis), increase intestinal and bladder sphincter muscle contraction

What are the major functions of the α2 receptor?
✅- Decrease sympathetic outflow, decrease insulin release, decrease lipolysis, increase platelet
aggregation, decrease aqueous humor production

What are the major functions of the β1 receptor?
✅- Increase heart rate, increase contractility, increase renin release, increase lipolysis

What are the major functions of the β2 receptor?
✅- Vasodilation, bronchodilation, increase lipolysis, increase insulin release, decrease uterine
tone (tocolysis), ciliary muscle relaxation, increase aqueous humor production

What are the major functions of the M1 receptor?
✅- CNS, enteric nervous system

What are the major functions of the M2 receptor?
✅- Decrease heart rate and contractility of atria

What are the major functions of the M3 receptor?
✅- Increase exocrine gland secretions (e.g., lacrimal, salivary, gastric acid), increase gut
peristalsis, increase bladder contraction, increase bronchoconstriction, pupillary sphincter muscle
contraction (miosis), ciliary muscle contraction (accommodation)

What are the major functions of the D1 receptor?
✅- Relaxes renal vascular smooth muscle

What are the major functions of the D2 receptor?
✅- Modulates transmitter release, especially in the brain

What are the major functions of the H1 receptor?

,✅- Increase nasal and bronchial mucus production, increase vascular permeability, contraction
of bronchioles, pruritis, pain

What are the major functions of the H2 receptor?
✅- Increase gastric acid secretion

What are the major functions of the V1 receptor?
✅- Increase vascular smooth muscle contraction

What are the major functions of the V2 receptor?
✅- Increase H2O permeability and reabsorption in collecting tubules of kidney (V2 is found in
the "2" kidneys)

What receptors are associate with Gq?
✅- H1, α1, V1, M1, and M3

What receptors are associated with Gs?
✅- H2, B1, B2, V2, D1

What receptors are associated with Gi?
✅- M2, α2, D2

Bethanechol ✅- -Direct cholinergic agonist
-Activates bowel and bladder smooth muscle
-Used in postoperative and neurogenic ileus
-Resistant to AChE

Carbachol ✅- -Direct cholinergic agonist
-Carbon copy of acetylcholine
-Constricts pupils and relieves intraocular pressure in glaucoma

Methacholine ✅- -Direct cholinergic agonist
-Stimulates muscarinic receptors in airways when inhaled
-Used as a challenge test for diagnosis of asthma

Pilocarpine ✅- -Direct cholinergic agonist
-Contracts ciliary muscle of eye (open angle glaucoma), contracts pupillary sphincter (closed
angle glaucoma)
-Potent stimulator of sweat, tears and saliva

,-AChE resistant

Donepezil ✅- -Anticholinesterse - increases ACh
-Alzheimer disease

Galantamine ✅- -Anticholinesterse - increases ACh
-Alzheimer disease

Rivastigmine ✅- -Anticholinesterse - increases ACh
-Alzheimer disease

Edrophonium ✅- -Anticholinesterse - increases ACh
-Historically used to diagnose myasthenia gravis (MG is now diagnosed by anti-AChR Ab test.

Neostigmine ✅- -Anticholinesterse - increases ACh
-Used in postoperative and neurogenic ileus and urinary retention, myasthenia gravis, and
postoperative reversal of neuromuscular junction blockade

Physostigmine ✅- -Anticholinesterse - increases ACh
-Used in anticholinergic toxicity
-Crosses the blood-brain barrier (CNS)

Pyridostigmine ✅- -Anticholinesterse - increases ACh
-Increases muscle strength
-Used in myasthenia gravis (long acting)
-Does not penetrate CNS

Atropine ✅- -Muscarinic antagonist
-Used in bradycardia and for ophthalmic applications
-Also used as antidote for cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning
-Actions include increase pupil dilation, cycloplegia, decreased airway secretions, decreased acid
secretions, decreased gut motility, decreased bladder urgency in cystitis
-Toxicity: increased body temp (due to decreased sweating), rapid pulse, dry mouth, dry and
flushed skin, cycloplegia, constipation, disorientation;
-Can cause acute angle-closure glaucoma in elderly (due to mydriasis), urinary retention in men
with prostatic hyperplasia, and hyperthermia in infants
-See also homatropine and tropicamide

Benztropine ✅- -Muscarinic antagonist

, -Works in CNS
-Used in Parkinson disease and acute dystonia

Glycopyrrolate ✅- -Muscarinic antagonist
-Parental use: preoperative use to reduce airway secretions
-Oral use: drooling, peptic ulcer

Hyoscyamine ✅- -Muscarinic antagonist
-Antispasmodics for IBS

Dicyclomide ✅- -Muscarinic antagonist
-Antispasmodics for IBS

Ipratropium ✅- -Muscarinic antagonist
-Used in COPD and asthma

Tiotropium ✅- -Muscarinic antagonist
-Used in COPD and asthma

Oxybutynin ✅- -Muscarinic antagonist
-Reduced bladder spasms and urge urinary incontinence

Solifenacin ✅- -Muscarinic antagonist
-Reduced bladder spasms and urge urinary incontinence

Tolterodine ✅- -Muscarinic antagonist
-Reduced bladder spasms and urge urinary incontinence

Scopalamine ✅- -Muscarinic antagonist
-Motion sickness

Tetrodotoxin ✅- -Poisoning can result from ingestion of poorly prepared puffer fish (exotic
sushi)
-Highly potent toxin that binds fast voltage-gated Na+ channels in cardiac and nerve tissue,
preventing depolarization - blocks action potential without changing resting potential (same
mechanism as Lidocaine)
-Causes nausea, diarrhea, paresthesias, weakness, dizziness, loss of reflexes.
-Treatment is primarily supportive.

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying these notes from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller GENERALFRANK3. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy these notes for $10.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

70713 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 15 years now

Start selling

Recently viewed by you

Summary ·

(24)

Samenvatting Frans 3ASO/KSO/TSO examencommissie 2025

Exam (elaborations) ·

(0)

DHN Exam 2 UPDATED Actual Questions and CORRECT Answers

Essay ·

(0)

ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY EXAMPLE (DOWNLOAD FOR CLASS PRACTICE)

Package deal ·

(0)

OREGON TATTOO EXAM PACK WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS

Package deal ·

(0)

PACKAGE::-Micro UTA EXAMS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS

$10.49
  • (0)
Add to cart
Added